Nature
Government Canyon State Natural Area lies on the edge of the Balcones Escarpment. The northern area features deep canyons on the eastern boundary of the Edwards Plateau. The southern section flattens into a broad plain. A forested strip separates these two areas.
Steep slopes provide scenic overlooks of the surrounding Bexar County and San Antonio.
Protecting Water
Most of San Antonio’s water comes from the Edwards Aquifer. The Natural Area protects thousands of acres of the Edwards Aquifer Recharge Zone, as well as portions of its Contributing and Artesian zones. But what does that mean?
Collecting rainwater
Rain falls on canyons and plateaus in the Contributing Zone, and flows downhill to the Recharge Zone.
Karst features in the Recharge Zone swallow vast amounts of water. This recharges (or fills) the Edwards Aquifer.
Water then flows into the Artesian Zone through a series of connected spaces, from tiny pores to large caverns.
Finally, the water bubbles up as a natural spring or is siphoned by man-made wells.
What is karst?
Karst is a landscape where rainwater dissolves a type of limestone, forming connected cavities. These passageways allow the flow and storage of rainwater.
Karst helps rainwater make its way underground.
Protecting Wildlife
The Natural Area also protects plants and animals.
Trees such as mountain laurel, Ashe juniper, mesquite and live oak grow here. You’ll also see Mexican buckeye, Lindheimer’s silk-tassel, escarpment black cherry and much more.
White-tailed deer, bobcat, cotton-tailed rabbit, javelina, coyote, raccoon, ringtail, butterflies and numerous snakes live at Government Canyon.
Birding
Government Canyon is a good place to find many popular bird species. In the spring, look for painted buntings, summer tanagers, and even the endangered golden-cheeked warbler.
Download the Birds of Government Canyon State Natural Area (PDF).
Endangered species
Habitats here harbor species listed as endangered.
Scientists have found six of the nine endangered karst invertebrates of Bexar County. These include three spiders: Government Canyon bat cave meshweaver, Government Canyon bat cave spider, and the Madla Cave meshweaver.
Golden-cheeked warblers
The endangered Golden-cheeked warblers nest only in mixed Ashe-juniper and oak woodlands in ravines and canyons of Central Texas.
Warblers eat insects and spiders found on the leaves and bark of oaks and other trees. They use long strips of cedar bark and spider webs to build their nests.
They come to Texas in March to nest and raise their young, and leave in July to spend the winter in Mexico and Central America. This warbler is the only bird species that nests exclusively in Texas – it’s a native Texan!