taxonomic_group,scientific_name,common_name,federal_status,federal_status_date,state_status,state_status_date,global_conservation_status,state_conservation_status,endemic,general_habitat
Amphibians,Ambystoma tigrinum,eastern tiger salamander,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial adults generally occur under cover objects or in burrows surrounding a variety of lentic freshwater habitats, such as ponds, lakes, bottomland wetlands, or upland ephemeral pools. The specific terrestrial habitats are also varied and the occurrence of this species seems to be more closely associated with sandy, loamy or other soils which have easy burrowing properties, rather than any particular ecological system type. Requires fishless breeding pools for successful reproduction."
Amphibians,Anaxyrus houstonensis,Houston toad,E,1970-10-13,E,1975-05-15,G1,S1,Yes,Terrestrial and aquatic: Primary terrestrial habitat is forests with deep sandy soils. Juveniles and adults are presumed to move through areas of less suitable soils using riparian corridors. Aquatic habitats can include any water body from a tire rut to a large lake.
Amphibians,Anaxyrus woodhousii,Woodhouse's toad,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: A wide variety of terrestrial habitats are used by this species, including forests, grasslands, and barrier island sand dunes. Aquatic habitats are equally varied."
Amphibians,Desmognathus conanti,spotted dusky salamander,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S1,No,"This species occurs in association with aquatic habitats in forested areas. Small, clear, spring fed streams with sandy substrate bordered with ferns and moss as well as murky, stagnant water bodies in cypress swamps, baygalls, and flood plains in bottomland forests support populations of this species."
Amphibians,Eurycea chisholmensis,Salado Springs salamander,T,2014-03-26,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea latitans,Cascade Caverns salamander,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G3,S2,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea nana,San Marcos salamander,T,1980-07-14,T,1977-07-18,G1,S1,Yes,Aquatic; springs and associated water.
Amphibians,Eurycea naufragia,Georgetown salamander,T,2014-03-26,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea neotenes,Texas salamander,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1G2,S1S2,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea pterophila,Blanco River Springs salamander,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea rathbuni,Texas blind salamander,E,1967-03-11,E,1974-05-19,G1,S1,Yes,Aquatic and subterranean; streams and caves.
Amphibians,Eurycea robusta,Blanco blind salamander,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G1,S1,Yes,Aquatic and subterranean; streams and caves.
Amphibians,Eurycea sosorum,Barton Springs salamander,E,1997-04-30,E,2000-11-01,G1,S1,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea tonkawae,Jollyville Plateau salamander,T,2013-09-19,T,2020-03-30,G2,S2,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea troglodytes,Valdina Farms sinkhole salamander,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3S4,Yes,"Aquatic; springs, streams and caves with rocky or cobble beds."
Amphibians,Eurycea waterlooensis,Austin blind salamander,E,2013-09-19,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,Aquatic and subterranean; streams and caves.
Amphibians,Leptodactylus fragilis,white-lipped frog,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: Lowlands, grasslands, cultivated fields, roadside ditches, and a wide variety of other habitats; often hides under rocks or in burrows under clumps of grass."
Amphibians,Lithobates areolatus areolatus,southern crawfish frog,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T4,S3,No,Terrestrial and aquatic: The terrestial habitat is primarily grassland and can vary from pasture to intact prairie; it can also include small prairies in the middle of large forested areas. Aquatic habitat is any body of water but preferred habitat is ephemeral wetlands.
Amphibians,Necturus beyeri,gulf coast waterdog,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,"This species is associated with permanent flowing water within forested habitats, from small streams to large rivers. The are frequently associated with slow moving, sandy bottomed spring fed streams with lots of aquatic habitat such as log jams and leaf litter beds."
Amphibians,Notophthalmus meridionalis,black-spotted newt,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G3,S3,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: Terrestrial habitats used by adults are typically poorly drained clay soils that allow for the formation of ephemeral wetlands. A wide variety of vegetation associations are known to be used, such as thorn scrub and pasture. Aquatic habitats used for reprodution are a variety of ephemeral and permanent water bodies."
Amphibians,Pseudacris streckeri,Strecker's chorus frog,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: Wooded floodplains and flats, prairies, cultivated fields and marshes. Likes sandy substrates."
Amphibians,Rhinophrynus dorsalis,Mexican burrowing toad,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: Low, rolling hills of sand, gravel or thin soil drained by ravines and gullies. Prefers moderate to dense vegetation cover of cactus and thornscrub. Roadside ditches, temporary ponds, arroyos, or wherever loose friable soils are present in which to burrow."
Amphibians,Smilisca baudinii,Mexican treefrog,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: Terrestrial habitas used include forested and brush around water bodies. Aquatic habitast used can any any body of water but preferred breeding sites are small, ephemeral wetlands."
Birds,Amazona viridigenalis,red-crowned parrot,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G2,S2,No,"Starting in the late 1980s to early 1990s, this species has increased in numbers in urban settings in Cameron and Hidalgo counties. This cavity-nesting species prefers dead palm trees, including non-native Washingtonian palms, with abandoned cavities excavated by Golden-fronted Woodpeckers. Grooming of palms (i.e., trimming the dead, drooping fronds) does not appear to directly impact this species; however removal of dead palms with or without cavities should be avoided."
Birds,Ammodramus savannarum,grasshopper sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3B,No,"Grasshopper Sparrows occur in grasslands, prairies, hayfields, and open pastures with little to no scrub cover and often with some bare ground. Birds in the western part of the range can tolerate some brushy habitat but avoid areas that are too overgrown. Winters primarily in grass-dominated fields."
Birds,Ammospiza leconteii,Le Conte's sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"In the winter they are typically found in old fields or prairies, damp grassy meadows, or coastal grasslands, especially in vegetation about 2 feet tall."
Birds,Ammospiza maritima,seaside sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4B,No,"Seaside Sparrows are habitat specialists that spend their entire lives in tidal saltmarshes and brackish marshes. Some tidal marshes are well away from saltwater, and this species nests up to 13 miles inland in some brackish marshes. They require nest sites that will not be flooded during highest tides, so some very low-lying marshes are not suitable for nesting. The highest densities of Seaside Sparrows occur in extensive marshes that have a mix of plant species and a mosaic of creeks, which provide openings that offer plenty of prey species. Higher parts of the marsh often have bushes such as wax myrtle or groundsel, and flowering plants such as sea ox-eye. Along the edges of many marshes, the invasive common reed (Phragmites) has become prevalent; Seaside Sparrows do not typically forage in stands of reeds but do sometimes build nests in them."
Birds,Anarhynchus montanus,mountain plover,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Breeding: nests on high plains or shortgrass prairie, on ground in shallow depression; nonbreeding: shortgrass plains and bare, dirt (plowed) fields; primarily insectivorous."
Birds,Anas fulvigula,mottled duck,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4B,No,"Estuaries, ponds, lakes, secondary bays."
Birds,Anthus spragueii,Sprague's pipit,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3N,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Habitat during migration and in winter consists of pastures and weedy fields (AOU 1983), including grasslands with dense herbaceous vegetation or grassy agricultural fields."
Birds,Antrostomus carolinensis,Chuck-will's-widow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3S4B,No,"Chuck-will's-widows breed in pine, oak-hickory, and other forests. They tend to live in more open areas than the similar Whip-poor-will. In winter you can find them in brush, woodlands, hedgerows, thickets, and fields."
Birds,Asio flammeus,short-eared owl,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4N,No,"Winter habitat includes large open areas within woodlots, stubble fields, fresh and saltwater marshes, weedy fields, dumps, gravel pits, rock quarries, and shrub thickets."
Birds,Buteo albonotatus,zone-tailed hawk,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S3B,No,"Arid open country, including open deciduous or pine-oak woodland, mesa or mountain county, often near watercourses, and wooded canyons and tree-lined rivers along middle-slopes of desert mountains; nests in various habitats and sites, ranging from small trees in lower desert, giant cottonwoods in riparian areas, to mature conifers in high mountain regions"
Birds,Buteo plagiatus,gray hawk,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S2B,No,Locally and irregularly along U.S.-Mexico border; mature riparian woodlands and nearby semiarid mesquite and scrub grasslands; breeding range formerly extended north to southernmost Rio Grande floodplain of Texas
Birds,Buteogallus anthracinus,common black-hawk,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4G5,S2B,No,Cottonwood-lined rivers and streams; willow tree groves on the lower Rio Grande floodplain; formerly bred in south Texas
Birds,Butorides virescens,green heron,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5B,No,"Swamps, mangroves, marshes, and margins of ponds, rivers, lakes, and lagoons. Eggs are laid in platform nest in tree, thicket, or bush over water or sometimes in dry woodland or orchard; nests in both freshwater and brackish situations."
Birds,Calamospiza melanocorys,lark bunting,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"Overall, it's a generalist in most short grassland settings including ones with some brushy component plus certain agricultural lands that include grain sorghum. Short grasses include sideoats and blue gramas, sand dropseed, prairie junegrass (Koeleria), buffalograss also with patches of bluestem and other mid-grass species. This bunting will frequent smaller patches of grasses or disturbed patches of grasses including rural yards. It also uses weedy fields surrounding playas. This species avoids urban areas and cotton fields."
Birds,Calcarius ornatus,chestnut-collared longspur,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,Occurs in open shortgrass settings especially in patches with some bare ground. Also occurs in grain sorghum fields and Conservation Reserve Program lands
Birds,Calidris alba,sanderling,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5,No,"Nonbreeding: primarily sandy beaches, less frequently on mud flats and shores of lakes or rivers (AOU 1983) also on exposed reefs (Pratt et al. 1987). Sleeps/loafs on upper beach or on salt pond dike."
Birds,Calidris canutus rufa,rufa red knot,T,2015-01-12,T,2020-03-30,G4T2,S2N,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Habitat: Primarily seacoasts on tidal flats and beaches, herbaceous wetland, and Tidal flat/shore. Bolivar Flats in Galveston County, sandy beaches Mustang Island, few on outer coastal and barrier beaches, tidal mudflats and salt marshes."
Birds,Callipepla squamata,scaled quail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"In general, preferred habitat is arid-semiarid, mixed shrub-grassland. Common shrubs of preferred habitat include acacia (ACACIA spp.), sand sagebrush (ARTEMISIA FILIFOLIA), four-winged saltbush (ATRIPLEX CANESCENS), cacti (OPUNTIA spp.), honey mesquite (PROSOPIS GLANDULOSA), sumacs (RHUS AROMATICA, R. MICROPHYLLA, R. TRILOBATA), yucca (YUCCA spp.), and snakeweed (XANTHOCEPHALUM SAROTHRAE)."
Birds,Calothorax lucifer,Lucifer hummingbird,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"In the U.S., Lucifer Hummingbirds occur from March to September, mostly in Chihuahuan desert foothills at elevations of about 3,500�5,500 feet. Here they occur in canyons, dry washes, and scrub with agave, ocotillo, cholla, sotol shrubs and cacti."
Birds,Camptostoma imberbe,northern beardless-tyrannulet,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5,S1S2,No,"Mesquite woodlands; also cottonwood, willow, elm, and tepeguaje near the Rio Grande. Breeding April to July"
Birds,Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus,cactus wren,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"Desert (especially with cholla cactus or yucca), mesquite, arid scrub, coastal sage scrub, and in trees in towns in arid regions (Tropical to Subtropical zones) (AOU 1983). Nests in OPUNTIA cactus, or in twiggy, thorny, trees and shrubs, sometimes in buildings. Nest may be relined and used as a winter roost."
Birds,Cardellina pusilla,Wilson's warbler,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,Wilson�s warblers key in on forests and scrubby areas along streams to fatten up during migration. During the nonbreeding season they use many types of habitats from lowland thickets near streams to high-elevation cloud forests in Mexico and Central America.
Birds,Cardinalis sinuatus,pyrrhuloxia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"Pyrrhuloxias live in upland deserts, mesquite savannas, riparian (streamside) woodlands, desert scrublands, farm fields with hedgerows, and residential areas with nearby mesquite. When not breeding, some Pyrrhuloxias wander into urban habitats, mesquite-hackberry habitats, and riparian habitats with Arizona sycamore and cottonwood."
Birds,Centronyx bairdii,Baird's sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,SUN,No,"Shortgrass prairie with scattered low bushes and matted vegetation; mostly migratory in western half of State, though winters in Mexico and just across Rio Grande into Texas from Brewster through Hudspeth counties"
Birds,Centronyx henslowii,Henslow's sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,"S2S3N,SXB",No,Wintering individuals (not flocks) found in weedy fields or cut-over areas where lots of bunch grasses occur along with vines and brambles; a key component is bare ground for running/walking
Birds,Charadrius melodus,piping plover,T,1986-01-10,T,1987-03-01,G3,S2N,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Beaches, sandflats, and dunes along Gulf Coast beaches and adjacent offshore islands. Also spoil islands in the Intracoastal Waterway. Based on the November 30, 1992 Section 6 Job No. 9.1, Piping Plover and Snowy Plover Winter Habitat Status Survey, algal flats appear to be the highest quality habitat. Some of the most important aspects of algal flats are their relative inaccessibility and their continuous availability throughout all tidal conditions. Sand flats often appear to be preferred over algal flats when both are available, but large portions of sand flats along the Texas coast are available only during low-very low tides and are often completely unavailable during extreme high tides or strong north winds. Beaches appear to serve as a secondary habitat to the flats associated with the primary bays, lagoons, and inter-island passes. Beaches are rarely used on the southern Texas coast, where bayside habitat is always available, and are abandoned as bayside habitats become available on the central and northern coast. However, beaches are probably a vital habitat along the central and northern coast (i.e. north of Padre Island) during periods of extreme high tides that cover the flats. Optimal site characteristics appear to be large in area, sparsely vegetated, continuously available or in close proximity to secondary habitat, and with limited human disturbance."
Birds,Charadrius nivosus,snowy plover,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3B,No,Algal flats appear to be the highest quality habitat. Some of the most important aspects of algal flats are their relative inaccessibility and their continuous availability throughout all tidal conditions. An optimal site characteristic would be large in size. The size of populations appear to be roughly proportional to the total area of suitable habitat used. Formerly an uncommon breeder in the Panhandle; potential migrant; winter along coast.
Birds,Charadrius wilsonia,Wilson's plover,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3B,No,"Coastal sandy and shell beaches, barrier and spoil islands, borders of salt ponds, tidal mudflats, inlets, bays, estuaries, and sometimes sandbars and mudbanks of rivers near the coast (Johnsgard 1981, Raffaele 1989, Stiles and Skutch 1989)."
Birds,Chlidonias niger,black tern,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S3,No,"NON-BREEDING: pelagic waters as well as seacoasts, bays, estuaries, lagoons, lakes, reservoirs, and rivers (Eisenmann 1951, Zaret and Paine 1973, van Halewijn 1973, Spaans 1978, AOU 1983, Williams 1983); prefers sheltered offshore waters and bays, comes to shore chiefly during migrations (Stiles and Skutch 1989)."
Birds,Chordeiles minor,common nighthawk,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"Common Nighthawks nest in both rural and urban habitats including coastal sand dunes and beaches, logged forest, recently burned forest, woodland clearings, prairies, plains, sagebrush, grasslands, open forests, and rock outcrops. They also nest on flat gravel rooftops, though less often as gravel roofs are being replaced by smooth, rubberized roofs that provide an unsuitable surface."
Birds,Coccyzus americanus,yellow-billed cuckoo,T,2014-11-03,Not Listed,,G5,S4S5B,No,"In Texas, the populations of concern are found breeding in riparian areas in the Trans Pecos (know as part of the Western Distinct Population Segment). It is the Western DPS that is on the U.S. ESA threatened list and includes the Texas counties Brewster, Culberson, El Paso, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, and Presidio. Riparian woodlands below 6,000' in elevation consisting of cottonwoods and willows are prime habitat. This species is a long-distant migrant that summers in Texas, but winters mainly in South America. Breeding birds of the Trans Pecos populations typically arrive on their breeding grounds possibly in late April but the peak arrival time is in May. Threats to preferred habitat include hydrologic changes that don't promote the regeneration of cottonwoods and willows, plus livestock browsing and trampling of sapling trees in sensitive riparian areas."
Birds,Colinus virginianus,northern bobwhite,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S4B,No,"Inhabits a wide variety of vegetation types, particularly early successional stages. Occurs in croplands, grasslands, pastures, fallow fields, grass-brush rangelands, open pinelands, open mixed pine-hardwood forests, and habitat mosaics (Brennan 1999)."
Birds,Coturnicops noveboracensis,yellow rail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3N,No,"BREEDING: Emergent wetlands, grass or sedge marshes and wet meadows in freshwater situations. Some breeding territories in these wet meadows contain firm footing and only a few remnant pools of water (Berkey 1991). These areas can range from damp to 38 cm (15 inches) of water but the average depth used for nesting is 8 to 15 cm (3 to 6 inches) (Savaloja 1981). NON-BREEDING: Grain fields in winter and when migrating. Winters in both freshwater and brackish marshes, as well as in dense, deep grass. During fall migration, will use many open habitats, from rice paddies to dry hayfields."
Birds,Dryobates borealis,red-cockaded woodpecker,T,2024-11-25,E,1974-05-19,G3,S2,No,"Cavity nests in older pine (60+ years); forages in younger pine (30+ years); prefers longleaf, shortleaf, and loblolly"
Birds,Egretta rufescens,reddish egret,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S2B,No,"Resident of the Texas Gulf Coast; brackish marshes and shallow salt ponds and tidal flats; nests on ground or in trees or bushes, on dry coastal islands in brushy thickets of yucca and prickly pear"
Birds,Elanoides forficatus,swallow-tailed kite,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S2B,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Lowland forested regions, especially swampy areas, ranging into open woodland; marshes, along rivers, lakes, and ponds; nests high in tall tree in clearing or on forest woodland edge, usually in pine, cypress, or various deciduous trees."
Birds,Empidonax traillii extimus,southwestern willow flycatcher,E,1995-02-27,E,1997-01-30,G5T2,S1B,No,"Thickets of willow, cottonwood, mesquite, and other species along desert streams"
Birds,Euphagus cyanocephalus,Brewer's blackbird,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5,No,"Shrubby and bushy areas (especially near water), riparian woodland, aspen parklands, cultivated lands, marshes, and around human habitation; in migration and winter also in pastures and fields (AOU 1983)."
Birds,Falco femoralis septentrionalis,northern aplomado falcon,E,1986-03-27,E,1987-03-01,G4T2T3,S1,No,"Open country, especially savanna and open woodland, and sometimes in very barren areas; grassy plains and valleys with scattered mesquite, yucca, and cactus; nests in old stick nests of other bird species"
Birds,Glaucidium brasilianum,ferruginous pygmy-owl,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S2?,No,"Riparian trees, brush, palm, and mesquite thickets; during day also roosts in small caves and recesses on slopes of low hills; breeding April to June"
Birds,Grus americana,whooping crane,E,1967-03-11,E,1974-05-19,G1,S1S2N,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Small ponds, marshes, and flooded grain fields for both roosting and foraging. Potential migrant via plains throughout most of state to coast; winters in coastal marshes of Aransas, Calhoun, and Refugio counties."
Birds,Lanius ludovicianus,loggerhead shrike,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4B,No,"Loggerhead Shrikes inhabit open country with short vegetation and well-spaced shrubs or low trees, particularly those with spines or thorns. They frequent agricultural fields, pastures, old orchards, riparian areas, desert scrublands, savannas, prairies, golf courses, and cemeteries. Loggerhead Shrikes are often seen along mowed roadsides with access to fence lines and utility poles."
Birds,Laterallus jamaicensis,black rail,T,2020-11-09,T,2020-03-30,G3,S2,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Salt, brackish, and freshwater marshes, pond borders, wet meadows, and grassy swamps; nests in or along edge of marsh, sometimes on damp ground, but usually on mat of previous years dead grasses; nest usually hidden in marsh grass or at base of Salicornia"
Birds,Leiothlypis virginiae,Virginia's warbler,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3B,No,"In summer higher elevations and oak woodland. In migration riparian areas, woodlands, brush."
Birds,Leucophaeus pipixcan,Franklin's gull,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2N,No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. This species is only a spring and fall migrant throughout Texas. It does not breed in or near Texas. Winter records are unusual consisting of one or a few individuals at a given site (especially along the Gulf coastline). During migration, these gulls fly during daylight hours but often come down to wetlands, lake shore, or islands to roost for the night."
Birds,Limosa haemastica,Hudsonian godwit,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S2,No,"NON-BREEDING: marshes, beaches, flooded fields, and tidal mudflats (AOU 1983); lake and pond shores, inlets."
Birds,Melanerpes erythrocephalus,red-headed woodpecker,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3B,No,"Red-headed Woodpeckers breed in deciduous woodlands with oak or beech, groves of dead or dying trees, river bottoms, burned areas, recent clearings, beaver swamps, orchards, parks, farmland, grasslands with scattered trees, forest edges, and roadsides. During the start of the breeding season they move from forest interiors to forest edges or disturbed areas. Wherever they breed, dead (or partially dead) trees for nest cavities are an important part of their habitat. Their wintering range in Texas they live in pine and pine-oak."
Birds,Micrathene whitneyi,elf owl,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4B,No,"In SW Texas and Coahuila, Mexico, nests in AGAVE-ACACIA-LEUCOPHYLLUM lowland desert, PROSOPIS-ACACIA-CELTIS-CHILOPSIS desert-wash woodland, POPULUS-SALIX-FRAXINUS-JUGLANS-ACER canyon riparian forest, and QUERCUS-PINUS-JUNIPERUS evergreen woodland; and in the lower Rio Grande valley of Texas and Tamaulipas and Nuevo Leon, Mexico, nests in ACACIA-PROSOPIS-CELTIS-DIOSPYRUS-BUMELIA subtropical thorn woodland and PITHECELLOBIUM-EHRETIA-ULMUS-LEUCAENA riparian woodland (Henry and Gehlbach 1999)."
Birds,Mycteria americana,wood stork,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,"SHB,S3N",No,"The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Prefers to nest in large tracts of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) or red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle); forages in prairie ponds, flooded pastures or fields, ditches, and other shallow standing water, including salt-water; usually roosts communally in tall snags, sometimes in association with other wading birds (i.e. active heronries); breeds in Mexico and birds move into Gulf States in search of mud flats and other wetlands, even those associated with forested areas; formerly nested in Texas, but no breeding records since 1960."
Birds,Numenius borealis,Eskimo curlew,E,1967-03-11,E,1974-05-19,GH,SHN,No,"Historically, shortgrass plains and prairies, but more recently (1960s) in old fields, closely grazed pastures, burned prairies, and marshes; beaches and sand flats. Nonbreeding: grasslands, pastures, plowed fields, and less frequently, marshes and mudflats"
Birds,Onychoprion fuscatus,sooty tern,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5,S1B,No,"Primarily an offshore bird; does nest on sandy beaches and islands, breeding April-July."
Birds,Pachyramphus aglaiae,rose-throated becard,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G4G5,S1,No,"Riparian corridors; trees, woodlands, open forest, scrub, and mangroves; breeding April to July."
Birds,Passerina versicolor,varied bunting,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4B,No,"Arid thorn brush and thickets, dry washes and arid scrub (Tropical and Subtropical zones) (AOU 1983). Often near water. Often stays close to ground cover (Oberholser 1974). Nests usually low in tree, bush or vine, 0.5-1.5 m above ground (Terres 1980)."
Birds,Peucaea aestivalis,Bachman's sparrow,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G3,S1B,No,"Open pine woods with scattered bushes and grassy understory in Pineywoods region, brushy or overgrown grassy hillsides, overgrown fields with thickets and brambles, grassy orchards; remnant grasslands in Post Oak Savannah region; nests on ground against grass tuft or under low shrub"
Birds,Peucaea botterii,Botteri's sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S2B,No,"Two allopatric subspecies occur in Texas. The arizonae subspecies found in the Trans Pecos is considered to be a vagrant because there is just one record from Presidio County in 1997. The other subspecies, texana, can be found regularly in sacahuista habitat (or cordgrass flats) in counties that along the lower coastline like Kenedy, Willacy, and Cameron counties, but also rarely in Kleberg and Brooks counties. This migratory species does not overwinter in Texas. Breeding birds return in spring and sit fairly visibly on (low) commanding perches like fence posts or mesquite limbs where males sing vigorously throughout summer."
Birds,Protonotaria citrea,prothonotary warbler,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3B,No,"Prothonotary Warblers breed in flooded bottomland forests, wooded swamps, and forests near lakes and streams. They tend to avoid forest patches smaller than about 250 acres or forest borders less than 100 feet wide. During migration they stop in coastal areas, marshes, citrus groves, and scrub to refuel. During the winter, they are most common in mangrove swamps, but they also use tropical dry forest and wooded areas near streams."
Birds,Quiscalus quiscula,common grackle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5B,No,"Common Grackles do well in human landscapes, using scattered trees for nesting and open ground for foraging. Typical natural habitats include open woodland, forest edge, grassland, meadows, swamps, marshes, and palmetto hammocks. They are also very common near agricultural fields and feedlots, suburbs, city parks, cemeteries, pine plantations, and hedgerows. Unbroken tracts of forest are the only places where you are unlikely to find Common Grackles."
Birds,Rallus elegans,king rail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3B,No,"Freshwater marshes, upland-wetland marsh edges, ricefields or similar flooded farmlands, shrub swamps; locally in brackish and coastal salt marshes (AOU 1983, Sibley and Monroe 1990, Meanley 1969)."
Birds,Rhynchophanes mccownii,thick-billed longspur,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4,No,"During migration and in winter, Thick-billed Longspurs use short, open habitats, as well as agricultural fields and dry lake beds."
Birds,Riparia riparia,bank swallow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,"S2B,S4N",No,"Bank Swallows live in low areas along rivers, streams, ocean coasts, and reservoirs. Their territories usually include vertical cliffs or banks where they nest in colonies of 10 to 2,000 nests. Though in the past Bank Swallows were most commonly found around natural bluffs or eroding streamside banks, they now often nest in human-made sites, such as sand and gravel quarries or road cuts. They forage in open areas and avoid places with tree cover."
Birds,Rynchops niger,black skimmer,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2B,No,"Primarily coastal waters, including bays, estuaries, lagoons and mudflats in migration and winter (AOU 1983); also quiet waters of rivers and lakes (Stiles and Skutch 1989). Rest on mudflats, sandbars, beaches."
Birds,Setophaga chrysoparia,golden-cheeked warbler,E,1990-12-27,E,1991-02-19,G2,S2S3B,No,"Ashe juniper in mixed stands with various oaks (Quercus spp.). Edges of cedar brakes. Dependent on Ashe juniper (also known as cedar) for long fine bark strips, only available from mature trees, used in nest construction; nests are placed in various trees other than Ashe juniper; only a few mature junipers or nearby cedar brakes can provide the necessary nest material; forage for insects in broad-leaved trees and shrubs; nesting late March-early summer."
Birds,Setophaga pitiayumi,tropical parula,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5,S3B,No,"Semi-tropical evergreen woodland along rivers and resacas. Texas ebony, anacua and other trees with epiphytic plants hanging from them. Dense or open woods, undergrowth, brush, and trees along edges of rivers and resacas; breeding April to July."
Birds,Spizella pusilla,field sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5B,No,"Field Sparrows seek out open habitat with low perches, such as abandoned agricultural fields and pastures, fencerows, road and forest edges, and openings in wooded areas. You may also spot them occasionally in Christmas tree farms, orchards, and nurseries. They�ll breed in fields that were recently burned or cultivated as long as there are some trees or other perches available, but will abandon such settings as thickets of trees grow back. In winter, look for them in settings similar to their summer habitats: abandoned fields and pastures, forest edges, and fencerows. In migration they�ll occasionally turn up in suburban yards."
Birds,Sternula antillarum,least tern,DL,2021-02-12,Not Listed,,G4,S2B,No,"Sand beaches, flats, bays, inlets, lagoons, islands, river sandbars and flat gravel rooftops in urban areas."
Birds,Strix occidentalis lucida,Mexican spotted owl,T,1993-04-15,T,1997-01-30,G3G4T3T4,S1B,No,"Remote, shaded canyons of coniferous mountain woodlands (pine and fir); nocturnal predator of mostly small rodents and insects; day roosts in densely vegetated trees, rocky areas, or caves"
Birds,Sturnella magna,eastern meadowlark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5B,No,"Eastern Meadowlarks are most common in native grasslands and prairies, but they also occur in pastures, hayfields, agricultural fields, airports, and other grassy areas. Eastern Meadowlarks will breed in many kinds of grassy areas as long as they can find about 6 acres in which to establish a territory. Where their range overlaps with Western Meadowlarks, Eastern Meadowlarks tend to use wetter, lower-lying grasslands."
Birds,Tringa semipalmata,willet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S5B,No,"Marshes, tidal mudflats, beaches, lake margins, mangroves, tidal channels, river mouths, coastal lagoons, sandy or rocky shores, and, less frequently, open grassland (AOU 1983, Stiles and Skutch 1989)."
Birds,Tympanuchus cupido attwateri,Attwater's greater prairie-chicken,E,1967-03-11,E,1974-05-19,G4T1,S1,No,"Open prairies of mostly thick grass one to three feet tall; sandhill country with bunch grass, sage, and shinnery oak.  From near sea level to 200 feet along coastal plain on upper two-thirds of Texas coast; males form communal display flocks during late winter-early spring; booming grounds important; breeding February-July "
Birds,Tympanuchus pallidicinctus,lesser prairie-chicken,"E,T",2023-03-27,E,2023-03-27,G3,S1,No,"Arid grasslands, generally interspersed with shrubs such as sand sagebrush, sand plum, skunkbush sumac, and shinnery oak shrubs, but dominated by sand dropseed, sideoats grama, sand bluestem, and little bluestem grasses; nests in a scrape lined with grasses"
Birds,Vireo atricapilla,black-capped vireo,DL,2018-05-16,Not Listed,,G5,S3B,No,"Oak-juniper woodlands with distinctive patchy, two-layered aspect; shrub and tree layer with open, grassy spaces; requires foliage reaching to ground level for nesting cover; return to same territory, or one nearby, year after year; deciduous and broad-leaved shrubs and trees provide insects for feeding; species composition less important than presence of adequate broad-leaved shrubs, foliage to ground level, and required structure; nesting season March-late summer"
Birds,Zonotrichia querula,Harris' sparrow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"Habitat descriptions from throughout the winter range include: thickets/brush bordering streams, edges of low woodlands, brush and brushy places, hedgerows, and willow thickets in ravines (Swenk and Stevens 1929)."
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Centropomus parallelus,fat snook,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2S3,No,"Occupies freshwater, estuarine, and marine areas near mangroves, rocky overhangs or protected riverbanks, but is most commonly found inshore (freshwater). Spawning occurs from March-August in freshwater. After hatching, larvae disperse with the currents to estuarine areas (Gilmore et al. 1983, McMichael and Parsons 1989). Juveniles migrate from freshwater to estuarine areas based on flow and salinity regimes."
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Centropomus undecimalis,snook,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Juvenile common snook are generally restricted to the protection of riverine, salt marshes, seagrass beds, and estuary environments. These environments offer shallow water and an overhanging vegetative shoreline. Juvenile common snook can survive in waters with lower oxygen levels than adults. Adult common snook inhabit many fresh, estuarine, and marine environments including mangrove forests, beaches, river mouths, nearshore reefs, salt marshes, sea grass meadows, and near structure (pilings, artificial reefs, etc.). Adult common snook appear to be less sensitive to cold water temperatures than larvae or small juveniles. The lower lethal limit of water temperature is 48.2�-57.2� F (9�-14� C) for juveniles and 42.8�-53.6� F (6�-12� C) for adults (Hill 2005, Press 2010)."
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Ctenogobius claytonii,Mexican goby,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,GNR,S1,No,Southern coastal area; brackish and freshwater coastal streams; tidal freshwater associated with silty sandbars and grass beds.
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Fundulus jenkinsi,saltmarsh topminnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Occupies estuaries and the edges of saltmarsh habitats along the Gulf coast in salinities of 4-20 ppt in Spartina dominated tidal creeks and wetlands (Peterson & Ross 1991; Peterson & Turner 1994; Lopez et al. 2010; and Griffith 1974). Requires access to small interconnected tidal creeks for feeding and reproduction. Spawning occurs from March to August during high tide events (Robertson Thesis, 2016). Non-migratory."
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Menidia clarkhubbsi,Texas silverside,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S3,Yes,"This coastal species inhabits ponds, shallow bays, and estuaries. It is an all-female species that relies on fertilization from males of Menidia beryllina or M. peninsulae. Identification is near impossible unless using genetic techniques (Chernoff 2002)."
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Microphis brachyurus,opossum pipefish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S3,No,"Adults are only found in low salinity waters of estuaries or freshwater tributaries within 30 miles of the coast (Gilmore 1992), where they also give birth. Young move or are carried into more saline waters off the coast after birth. Newly released larvae must have conditions near 18 ppt salinity for at least two weeks after birth to survive, indicating a physiology adapted for downstream transport to estuarine and marine environments (Frias-Torres 2002). Juvenile migration toward the ocean depends on water flow regimes, salinity, and vegetation for cover and capturing prey (Frias-Torres 2002). Seawalls, docks, and riprap construction destroy habitat and poor water quality and alteration of flow regimes may prevent migration (NMFS 2009)."
Fish - Bays and Estuaries,Paralichthys lethostigma,southern flounder,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2S3,No,"This is an estuarine-dependent species that inhabits riverine, estuarine and coastal waters, and prefers muddy, sandy, or silty substrates (Reagan and Wingo 1985). Individuals can tolerate wide temperature (~5-35�C) and salinity ranges (0-60 ppt). Southern Flounder spawn in offshore waters of the Gulf of Mexico from October to February (Reagan and Wingo 1985). The oceanic larval stage is pelagic and lasts 30�60 days. Metamorphosing individuals enter estuaries and migrate towards low-salinity headwaters, where settlement occurs (Burke et al. 1991, Walsh et al. 1999). The young fish enter the bays during late winter and early spring, occupying seagrass; some may move further into coastal rivers and bayous. Juveniles remain in estuaries until the onset of sexual maturation (approximately two years), at which time they migrate out of estuaries to join adults on the inner continental shelf. Adult southern flounder leave the bays during the fall for spawning in the Gulf of Mexico. They spawn for the first time when two years old at depths of 50 to 100 feet. Although most of the adults leave the bays and enter the Gulf for spawning during the winter, some remain behind and spend winter in the bays. Those in the Gulf will reenter the bays in the spring. The spring influx is gradual and does not occur with large concentrations that characterize the fall emigration."
Fish - Freshwater,Agonostomus monticola,mountain mullet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"Catadromous. Adults can be found great distances upstream. Potential to occur in all river systems in Texas from Rio Grande to Sabine River. Rheophilic, fast, strong swimmer often associated with swift currents and possibly near large boulders; found in abundance or at rest in deeper pools of stream below falls and rapids."
Fish - Freshwater,Ammocrypta clara,western sand darter,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Neches, Sabine, and Red River basins. Associated with substrates of course sand and fine gravels in moderate current in medium to large streams. Habit of burrowing in sand may prevent direct observations."
Fish - Freshwater,Anguilla rostrata,american eel,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4,No,"Originally found in all river systems from the Red River to the Rio Grande. Aquatic habtiats include large rivers, streams, tributaries, coastal watersheds, estuaries, bays, and oceans. Spawns in Sargasso Sea, larva move to coastal waters, metamorphose, and begin upstream movements. Females tend to move further upstream than males (who are often found in brackish estuaries). American Eel are habitat generalists and may be found in a broad range of habitat conditions including slow- and fast-flowing waters over many substrate types. Extirpation in upstream drainages attributed to reservoirs that impede upstream migration."
Fish - Freshwater,Atractosteus spatula,alligator gar,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S4,No,"From the Red River to the Rio Grande (Hubbs et al. 2008); occurs in the Trinity River upstream of Lake Livingston. Found in rivers, streams, lakes, swamps, bayous, bays and estuaries typically in pools and backwater habitats. Floodplains inundated with flood waters provide spawning and nursery habitats."
Fish - Freshwater,Campostoma ornatum,Mexican stoneroller,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3G4,S1,No,"Occurs primarily in Mexico and ranges into Texas in Rio Grande tributaries in Brewster and Presidio counties (Big Bend region; Hubbs 1940; Hubbs 1954; Hubbs et al. 1991). Occurs in riffles, chutes, and pools of rivers and creeks, in warm, clear (sometimes slightly turbid) water over sand, pebble, gravel, rock, and bedrock substrates, at depths of 10 cm to 1 meter; prefers headwaters."
Fish - Freshwater,Campostoma spadiceum,highland stoneroller,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,SNR,No,"Rare, restricted range in U.S; in Texas only found in Aiken Creek, a tributary of the Sulphur River. Bright red or red-orange coloration in median and paired fins. Found in small, stony-bottomed upland headwaters to small rivers with relatively clear water and substantial base flow and current velocities (Cashner et al. 2010)."
Fish - Freshwater,Cycleptus elongatus,blue sucker,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3G4,S3,No,"Blue Sucker usually inhabit rapids, riffles, runs and pools with moderate to fast current, with bottoms of exposed bedrock sometimes in combination with hard clay, sand, gravel, and boulders; generally intolerant of highly turbid conditions. Adults winter in deep pools and move upstream in spring to spawn on riffles. Current distribution in Texas includes the Red River downstream of Lake Texoma, Sabine and Neches rivers, and Colorado River downstream of Austin, Texas. May occur in other river systems (Warren et al. 2000)."
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinella lepida,plateau shiner,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1G2,S2?,Yes,"Edwards Plateau portion of Nueces basin, mainstem and tributaries of Nueces, Frio, and Sabinal rivers; may also be endemic to upper reaches of the Guadalupe River; clear, cool, spring-fed headwater creeks; usually over gravel and limestone substrates."
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinella proserpina,proserpine shiner,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3,S2,No,"Limited range includes Devils and lower Pecos rivers, Las Moras, Pinto, and San Felipe creeks, and Independence Creek in the Rio Grande watershed in western Texas. Associated with spring-fed tributaries and spring-runs. May be found in flowing pools, swift runs and riffles."
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinodon bovinus,Leon Springs pupfish,E,1980-09-15,E,1975-05-15,G1,S1,Yes,"Leon Creek, a tributary of the Pecos River (Pecos County); Diamond Y Spring. Natural spring-fed marshes, pools, and slow-flowing waters; usually near edges with minimal growth of vegetation."
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinodon elegans,Comanche Springs pupfish,E,1967-03-11,E,1974-05-19,G1,S1,Yes,"Restricted to small series of springs and their outflows, and man-made irrigation canals in the area of Balmorhea, Texas, including Phantom Springs (Jeff Davis County), San Solomon Springs, Giffin Springs and Toyah Creek (Reeves County). Native range: Comanche, Phantom Cave, San Solomon springs (Pecos and Reeves counties). Prefers fast-flowing water. Originally in Comanche Springs, San Solomon, and Phanton Cave, presently restricted to San Solomon and Phantom Cave and associated springs, and downstream irrigation canals; found in constantly discharging springs and in swift-flowing water of canals and earthen ditches"
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinodon eximius,Conchos pupfish,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3G4,S1,No,"Devils River and Alamito Creek. The Devils River and Alamito Creek populations are morphologically and biochemically distinct from the Rio Conchos (Mexico) populations. Shallow water (<25 cm) on bedrock shelves and in coves, sloughs, and backwaters over soft bottoms, all where current is negligible and bottom generally devoid of aquatic macrophytes."
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinodon pecosensis,Pecos pupfish,PT,2024-11-22,T,1987-03-01,G2,S1,No,"Originally Pecos River basin, presently restricted to upper basin only; shallow margins of clear, vegetated spring waters high in calcium carbonate, as well as in sinkhole habitats"
Fish - Freshwater,Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis,Red River pupfish,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G5,S2,No,"Native to the upper Red River and Brazos River basins where it is typically found in saline waters of main channels and in saline springs. Introduced populations also exist in the Canadian River and Colorado River basins. River edges, channels, backwaters, over sand bottoms. Males establish spawning territories typically in shallowest waters up to 50 cm over sandy shoals and in small coves with little or no current."
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda argentosa,manantial roundnose minnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,Yes,"Lower Pecos River, Devils River, San Felipe and Sycamore creeks. Val Verde County. Headwaters and runs of spring-influenced waters."
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda diaboli,Devils River minnow,T,1999-11-19,T,1977-07-18,G1,S1,No,"Devils River, San Felipe and Sycamore creeks in Val Verde County; Las Moras (extirpated) and Pinto creeks in Kinney County. Restricted to clear, spring-fed waters having little temperature variation. Found over gravel-cobble substrate, usually associated with aquatic macrophytes."
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda episcopa,roundnose minnow,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G4,S1,No,"Pecos River and Limpia Creek. Restricted to clear, spring-fed waters having little temperature variation."
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda flavipinnis,Guadalupe roundnose minnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SNR,Yes,Endemic to Guadalupe and southern Colorado drainages; primarily restricted to clear spring-fed waters that have slight temperature variations.
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda nigrotaeniata,Medina roundnose minnow,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,GNR,S1,Yes,Upper Medina River system; Primarily restricted to clear spring-fed waters that have slight temperature variations
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda serena,Frio roundnose minnow,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,GNR,S2,Yes,Upper Nueces River system; Primarily restricted to clear spring-fed waters that have slight temperature variations
Fish - Freshwater,Dionda texensis,Nueces roundnose minnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SNR,Yes,Endemic to the headwaters of the Nueces River; habitat unknown but likely similar to Devils River Minnow (Often found in association with spring outflows over gravel-cobble substrate and adjacent to aquatic macrophytes; may inhabit a microhabitat associated with the interface between spring runs and the river).
Fish - Freshwater,Erimyzon claviformis,western creek chubsucker,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5,S2S3,No,"Eastern Texas streams from the Red River to the San Jacinto drainage. Habitat includes silt-, sand-, and gravel-bottomed pools of clear headwaters, creeks, and small rivers; often near vegetation; occasionally in lakes. Spawning occurs in river mouths or pools, riffles, lake outlets, or upstream creeks. Prefers headwaters, but seldom occurs in springs."
Fish - Freshwater,Etheostoma fonticola,fountain darter,E,1970-10-13,E,1974-05-19,G1,S1,Yes,Known only from the spring-fed San Marcos and Comal rivers in dense beds of aquatic plants growing close to bottom; may be found in slow- and fast-flowing habitats.
Fish - Freshwater,Etheostoma grahami,Rio Grande darter,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G2G3,S2,No,"Essentially restricted to the mainstream and spring-fed tributaries of the Rio Grande and the lower Pecos River downstream to the Devils River and Dolan, San Felipe and Sycamore creeks. Gravel and rubble riffles"
Fish - Freshwater,Etheostoma radiosum,orangebelly darter,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Streams, creeks, and small to moderate-sized rivers in the Red River basin. Riffle areas of gravel-bottoms streams with moderate to high currents."
Fish - Freshwater,Etheostoma thompsoni,gumbo darter,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,SNR,No,"Endemic to the Neches, Sabine and Calcasieu river systems of east Texas and western Louisiana; tends to congregate near shore, sometimes under cuts among exposed roots with accumulated vegetational debris over a sand and gravel substrate with very little silt."
Fish - Freshwater,Gambusia gaigei,Big Bend gambusia,E,1967-02-24,E,1974-05-19,G1,S1,Yes,"Constant temperature environments; clear, shallow water fed by warm springs, or shallow margins of deeper water among dense aquatic vegetation. Presently restricted to one artificial springfed pool in Big Bend National Park close to the Rio Grande; type locality described as a marshy cattail slough fed by springs."
Fish - Freshwater,Gambusia heterochir,Clear Creek gambusia,E,1967-02-24,E,1974-05-19,G1,S1,Yes,"Restricted to impounded headwater springs of Clear Creek, a tributary to the San Saba River (Menard County). Clear, constant temperature water with low pH (6.1-6.5) and abundant aquatic vegetation composed mostly of an endemic Ceratophyllum."
Fish - Freshwater,Gambusia krumholzi,spotfin gambusia,Not Listed,,T,2009-01-22,G1,S1,Yes,"Restricted to San Felipe and Sycamore creeks in Texas; also occurs in Mexico. Prefers densely vegetated, edge or quiet water habitats in close association with areas of swift flows."
Fish - Freshwater,Gambusia nobilis,Pecos gambusia,E,1970-10-13,E,1974-05-19,G2,S2,No,"Endemic to the Pecos River basin in southeastern New Mexico and western Texas. Restricted to two locations in Texas (Balmorhea springs complex and Diamond Y Draw). Stenothermal springs, runs, ci�negas and irrigation canals carrying spring waters."
Fish - Freshwater,Gambusia senilis,Blotched Gambusia,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G3G4,SX,No,"The population once known from the Devils River has likely been extirpated. Formerly known from springs and vegetated, quiet pools of the Devils River; still extant in Rio Conchos drainage, Mexico."
Fish - Freshwater,Gila pandora,Rio Grande chub,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3,S1,No,"Formerly widespread in creeks of upper Rio Grande and Pecos watersheds; isolated population found in Little Aguja Creek in the Davis Mountains of Trans-Pecos Texas. Pools of small to moderate-sized tributaries, often near inflow of riffles and in association with cover such as undercut banks and plant debris."
Fish - Freshwater,Hiodon alosoides,goldeye,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Restricted to the Red River basin; adults in quiet turbid water of medium to large lowland rivers, small lakes, marshes and muddy shallows connected to them."
Fish - Freshwater,Hybognathus amarus,Rio Grande silvery minnow,"E, XN",2007-09-05,E,1997-01-30,G1,SX,No,"Historically Rio Grande and Pecos River systems and canals; reintroduced in Big Bend area; pools and backwaters of medium to large streams with low or moderate gradient in mud, sand, or gravel bottom."
Fish - Freshwater,Hybognathus nuchalis,Mississippi silvery minnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"Found in eastern Texas streams, from the Brazos River eastward and northward to the Red River; found in moderate current; silty, muddy, or rocky substrate. In Texas, adults likely to inhabit smaller tributary streams."
Fish - Freshwater,Hybognathus placitus,plains minnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4,No,"Range in central Texas from the Colorado and Brazos basins northward to the Red River; found in large, often turbid rivers having exposed, shallow, sand-filled channels where sediments accumulate in shallow backwaters, gentle eddies, and along the deeper edges of sand �waves� that are formed on shifting substrate by actions of the current."
Fish - Freshwater,Hybopsis amnis,pallid shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4,No,"This pale minnow ranges widely throughout the Mississippi River basin southward along the Gulf Coastal Plain in Texas to the Guadalupe River basin (Hubbs et al. 2008). Occurs in quiet waters over sand/silt bottoms, often at the end of sand and gravel bars; intolerant of heavy siltation and pollutants (Clemmer 1980). Nothing is known about the spawning or food habits of this species (Kwak 1991)."
Fish - Freshwater,Ictalurus lupus,headwater catfish,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G3,S1S2,No,"Originally throughout streams of the Edwards Plateau and the Rio Grande basin, currently limited to Rio Grande drainage, including Pecos River basin; springs, and sandy and rocky riffles, runs, and pools of clear creeks and small rivers."
Fish - Freshwater,Macrhybopsis aestivalis,speckled chub,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G3G4,S1S2,No,Found throughout the Rio Grande and lower Pecos River but occurs most frequently between the R�o Conchos confluence and the Pecos River. Flowing water over coarse sand and fine gravel substrates in streams; typically found in raceways and runs.
Fish - Freshwater,Macrhybopsis australis,prairie chub,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G3,S1,No,Upper Red River basin. Found in flowing water over coarse sand and fine gravel substrates in streams; may be found in intermittent streams and in saline waters.
Fish - Freshwater,Macrhybopsis hyostoma,shoal chub,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,SNR,No,"Medium to large rivers in the Sabine, Brazos, and Colorado rivers. Prefers streams with well-defined pools and riffles/runs, braided channels, and shifting sand/gravel bars. Considered a habitat specialist in habitats with clean sand or pea-size gravel substrates and moderate current velocities"
Fish - Freshwater,Macrhybopsis marconis,burrhead chub,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,SNR,Yes,Occurs in the San Antonio and Guadalupe rivers; remnant populations may exist in the Edwards Plateau portion of the Colorado River. Occupies flowing water over coarse sand and fine gravel substrates in medium to large streams; found to be most abundant in riffles over large gravel and cobble.
Fish - Freshwater,Macrhybopsis storeriana,silver chub,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Red River and Brazos River basins. Mainly restricted to large, often silty rivers. Ranges over gravel to silt substrates but found more commonly over silt or mud bottom."
Fish - Freshwater,Macrhybopsis tetranema,peppered chub,E,2022-02-28,E,2022-02-28,G1,S1,No,Historically found throughout Arkansas River basin but is now found only in portions of the upper South Canadian River upstream of Lake Meredith. Flowing water over coarse sand and fine gravel substrates in streams.
Fish - Freshwater,Megalops atlanticus,Atlantic tarpon,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Freshwater,Micropterus treculii,Guadalupe bass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Endemic to the streams of the northern and eastern Edwards Plateau including portions of the Brazos, Colorado, Guadalupe, and San Antonio basins; species also found outside of the Edwards Plateau streams in decreased abundance, primarily in the lower Colorado River; two introduced populations have been established in the Nueces River system. A pure population was re-established in a portion of the Blanco River in 2014. Species prefers lentic environments but commonly taken in flowing water; numerous smaller fish occur in rapids, many times near eddies; large individuals found mainly in riffle tail races; usually found in spring-fed streams having clear water and relatively consistent temperatures."
Fish - Freshwater,Minytrema melanops,spotted sucker,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Found primarily in east Texas streams from the Red to the Brazos river basins. An isolated, disjunct population occurs in the Llano River near Junction downstream to about Mason; this may be an introduced population. Typically in clear creeks with firm substrates."
Fish - Freshwater,Moxostoma albidum,longlip jumprock,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SNR,No,"Restricted to the lower Rio Grande, lower Pecos and tributaries (e.g., Devils River). Rocky runs and riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers; often near boulders in swift water."
Fish - Freshwater,Moxostoma austrinum,Mexican redhorse,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Limited/uncertain distribution within the Rio Grande. Rocky runs and riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers; often near boulders in swift water.
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis amabilis,Texas shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4,No,"In Texas, it is found primarily in Edwards Plateau streams from the San Gabriel River in the east to the Pecos River in the west. Typical habitat includes rocky or sandy runs, as well as pools."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis atrocaudalis,blackspot shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,Occurs from the lower Brazos River to the Sabine River drainage; Red River drainage. Small to moderate size tributary streams in runs and pools over all types of substrates.
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis bairdi,Red River shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Red River basin; typically found in turbid waters of broad, shallow channels of main stream, over bottom mostly of silt and shifting sand."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis blennius,river shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3?,No,"Range in central Texas from the Colorado and Brazos basins northward to the Red River; found in large, often turbid rivers having exposed, shallow, sand-filled channels where sediments accumulate in shallow backwaters, gentle eddies, and along the deeper edges of sand �waves� that are formed on shifting substrate by actions of the current."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis braytoni,Tamaulipas shiner,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G4,S1S2,No,"Restricted to the Rio Grande basin in Texas including the lower Pecos River. Typically found in large rivers and creeks associated with a variety of flowng-water habitats such as runs and riffles over gravel, cobble, and sand."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis buccula,smalleye shiner,E,2014-08-04,E,2020-03-30,G2,S1S2,Yes,"Endemic to the Brazos River drainage; presumed to have been introduced into the Colorado River. Historically found in lower Brazos River as far south as Hempstead, Texas but appears to now be restricted to upper Brazos River system upstream of Possum Kingdom Lake. Typically found in turbid waters of broad, sandy channels of main stream, over substrate consisting mostly of shifting sand."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis chalybaeus,ironcolor shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Found only in northeastern streams from the Sabine to the Red River with the exception of an isolated population found in the San Marcos River headwaters. Found primarily in acidic, tannin-stained, non-turbid, sluggish Coastal Plain streams and<br />rivers of low to moderate gradient. Occurs in aggregation, often at the upstream ends of pools, with a moderate to sluggish current and sand, mud, silt or detritus substrates. Usually associated with aquatic vegetation."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis chihuahua,Chihuahua shiner,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3,S2,No,"Limited to smaller tributaries of the Rio Grande in the Big Bend region; Mid-water or bottom-dwelling species, usually found over gravel to sand substrate, in clear, cool, moving waters; also collected over rubble bottom with some boulders, bedrock and mud; vegetation may be present"
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis girardi,Arkansas River shiner,T,1998-12-23,T,2000-11-16,G2,S2,No,Canadian River. Typically found in turbid water over mostly silt and shifting sand substrates. Generally inhabits shallow water; found in slower currents in areas having high conductivity and low turbidity.
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis jemezanus,Rio Grande shiner,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G3,S1,No,"Rio Grande drainage. Occurs over substrate of rubble, gravel and sand, often overlain with silt"
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis maculatus,taillight shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1,No,"Restricted to the Sulphur and Cypress drainages in northeast Texas; Quiet, usually vegetated oxbow lakes, ponds, or backwaters."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis megalops,West Texas shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SNR,No,"In Texas occurs in the lower Pecos River, San Felipe Creek, Devils River and Sycamore Creek. No studies of habitat requirements."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis oxyrhynchus,sharpnose shiner,E,2014-09-03,E,2020-03-30,G3,S1S2,Yes,Range is now restricted to upper Brazos River upstream of Possum Kingdom Lake. May be native to Red River and Colorado River basins. Typically found in turbid water over mostly silt and shifting sand substrates.
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis potteri,chub shiner,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G4,S2,No,"Brazos, Colorado, San Jacinto, and Trinity river basins. Flowing water with silt or sand substrate"
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis sabinae,Sabine shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Inhabits small streams and large rivers of eastern Texas from San Jacinto drainage northward along the Gulf Coast to the Sabine River Basin; Habitat generalist with affinities for shallow, moving water and rarely found in pools and backwater areas;<br />closely restricted to substrate of fine, silt free sand in small creeks and rivers having slight to moderate current."
Fish - Freshwater,Notropis shumardi,silverband shiner,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"In Texas, found from Red River to Lavaca River; Main channel with moderate to swift current velocities and moderate to deep depths; associated with turbid water over silt, sand, and gravel."
Fish - Freshwater,Percina apristis,Guadalupe darter,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G4,S2,Yes,Endemic to the Guadalupe River Basin; Found in riffles; most common under or around 25-30 cm boulders in the main current; seems to prefer moderately turbid water.
Fish - Freshwater,Percina maculata,blackside darter,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5,S1,No,"Restricted to the Red River Basin in the northeast part of the state although specimens have been taken in the lower Trinity and San Jacinto rivers; Often found in clear, gravelly streams."
Fish - Freshwater,Percina shumardi,river darter,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"In Texas limited to eastern streams including Red River southward to the Neches River, and a disjunct population in the Guadalupe and San Antonio river systems east of the Balcones Escarpment. Confined to large rivers and lower parts of major tributaries; usually found in deep chutes and riffles where current is swift and bottom composed of coarse gravel or rock."
Fish - Freshwater,Phenacobius mirabilis,suckermouth minnow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"In Texas, occurs in limited numbers in Canadian, Red, Sabine, Trinity and Colorado river drainages. Riffles and shallow runs with clean sand, gravel, or larger substrate bottoms. May move into shallow riffles at night."
Fish - Freshwater,Platygobio gracilis,flathead chub,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,Likely extirpated from Texas. Known from the Canadian River in the Panhandle in Texas. Found in strong currents over sandy bottoms and in shallow pools.
Fish - Freshwater,Polyodon spathula,paddlefish,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G4,S3,No,"Species occurred in every major river drainage from the Trinity Basin eastward, but its numbers and range had been substantially reduced by the 1950�s; recently reintroduced into Big Cypress drainage upstream of Caddo Lake. Prefers large, free-flowing rivers but will frequent impoundments with access to spawning sites."
Fish - Freshwater,Prietella phreatophila,Mexican blindcat,E,1970-06-02,E,2020-03-30,GNR,S1,No,"Subterranean freshwater cave environments in the northern Coahuila, Mexico and Val Verde County, Texas portions of the Edwards-Trinity Aquifer. Usually found associated with a silt substrate in still pools at water temperatures of 21 - 31.5 Celsius."
Fish - Freshwater,Pteronotropis hubbsi,bluehead shiner,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G3,S1,No,"Mainstem and tributaries of Big Cypress Bayou and Caddo Lake in Texas. Quiet backwater areas of small to medium-sized, sluggish streams and oxbow lakes having mud or mud-sand substrate; water typically tannin-stained; heavy growth of submergent or semi-emergent vegetation often present."
Fish - Freshwater,Rhinichthys cataractae,longnose dace,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"Can only be found in the Big Bend portion of the Rio Grande. Occasionally taken in lakes and clear pools of rivers but prefers clear, flowing water in gravelly riffles."
Fish - Freshwater,Satan eurystomus,widemouth blindcat,PE,2023-08-22,T,1977-07-18,G1G2,S1,Yes,Restricted to five artesian wells penetrating the San Antonio Pool of the Edwards Aquifer; found at depths of 305-582 m.
Fish - Freshwater,Scaphirhynchus platorynchus,shovelnose sturgeon,SAT,2010-10-01,T,1997-01-30,G4,S2,No,"Found only in the Red River below Denison Dam (Lake Texoma). Evidence of the presence of this species in the lower Pecos River, during prehistoric times, strongly suggests that it likely occurred in many Texas rivers. Inhabits flowing water over sandy bottoms or near rocky points or bars."
Fish - Freshwater,Trogloglanis pattersoni,toothless blindcat,PE,2023-08-22,T,1977-07-18,G1G2,S1,Yes,Restricted to five artesian wells penetrating the San Antonio Pool of the Edwards Aquifer; found at depths of 305-582 m.
Fish - Marine,Epinephelus drummondhayi,speckled hind,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Istiophorus platypterus,sailfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Kajikia albida,white marlin,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Makaira nigricans,blue marlin,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Manta birostris,giant manta ray,T,2018-02-21,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Mycteroperca bonaci,black grouper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3S4,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Mycteroperca phenax,scamp,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SNR,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Pristis pectinata,smalltooth sawfish,E,2005-11-16,E,2009-01-22,G1G3,S1,No,"Different life history stages have different patterns of habitat use: young of year, Age 1, and Age 2 are dependent upon shallow (&lt;1m), eurahayline waters with red mangrove lined shoreline (Norton et al. 2012). These age classes are often found found very close to shore over muddy and sandy bottoms in sheltered bays, on shallow banks, and in estuaries or river mouths. These age classes can tolerate a wide range of salinities, but will move in and out of protected areas (estuaries) due to changes in flow and salinity (Poulakis and Seitz 2011). Larger juveniles may occupy greater depth strata in areas further from shore as they consistently occupy marine waters. Adult sawfish are encountered in various habitat types (mangrove, oyster reef, seagrass, and coral), in varying salinity regimes and temperatures, and at various water depths, feed on a variety of fish species. Adult female sawfish return to protected estuarine areas to give birth."
Fish - Marine,Pristis pristis,largetooth sawfish,E,2014-07-23,Not Listed,,G2G3,SX,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Rachycentron canadum,cobia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3S4,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Rhinobatos lentiginosus,Atlantic guitarfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Seriola dumerili,greater amberjack,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Fish - Marine,Xiphias gladius,swordfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Adhemarius blanchardorum,Blanchards' sphinx moth,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Chihuahuan oak woodland. Woodland also contains a wide variety of shrubs and some conifers. May be confined to the deciduous forest in Upper Green Gulch to Panther Pass summit of Big Bend National Park; host plant undetermined; May-June adult emergence
Invertebrates,Agapema galbina,Tamaulipan agapema,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,Not Evaluated,Tamaulipan thornscrub with adequate densities of the caterpillar foodplant Condalia hookeri hookeri (= obovata); adults occur Sep - Oct; eggs hatch within two weeks and larvae mature rapidly
Invertebrates,Almuerzothyas comalensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SU,Yes,"Spring obligate. Known only from Comal Springs, Comal County. Fine scale habitat requirements unknown."
Invertebrates,Amblycheila hoversoni,brush hunter tiger beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Amblycheila picolominii,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Amblycorypha uhleri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNA,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Anomala suavis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Anomala tibialis,Padre Island tibial scarab,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,Yes,Sandy soils 
Invertebrates,Anthidium michenerorum,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Anthophora chihuahua,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Anthophora fedorica,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Anthophora vallorum,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Apocheiridium reddelli,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Apodemia chisosensis,Chisos metalmark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1?,Yes,"Agave scrub community; nectarivore/herbivore, larval food Havards plum (Prunus havardii); diurnal, hibernates/aestivates, adult flights in spring and  early August, second brood dependent on summer rains; larvae both aestivate/hibernate in rolled leaf, begin feeding late May and diapause in dead leaves until following spring, few exceptions emerge for a partial late summer flight"
Invertebrates,Archeolarca guadalupensis,Guadalupe Cave pseudoscorpion,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Live in leaf mold or decaying vegetation, in soils, beneath bark and stones, and in some mammals� nests; oviparous and may produce more than one brood per year"
Invertebrates,Arcidens wheeleri,Ouachita rock pocketbook,E,1991-11-22,Not Listed,,G1,SU,No,"Large, dense, diverse beds of other unionids; stable mud, sand, and gravel substrates of medium-sized rivers,  backwater or slackwater areas adjacent to the main channel; also reported from cobble-gravel bottoms in pools of small, slow-flowing rivers; Red River Basin"
Invertebrates,Argia leonorae,Leonora's dancer damselfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Artesia subterranea,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Artesia welbourni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2S4,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ashmunella bequaerti,Goat Cave woodlandsnail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ashmunella carlsbadensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ashmunella mudgei,Sawtooth Mountain woodlandsnail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SU,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ashmunella pasonis,Franklin Mountain wood snail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Not Evaluated,"Terrestrial; bare rock, talus, scree; talus slopes, usually of limestone, but also of rhyolite, sandstone, and siltstone, in arid mountain ranges"
Invertebrates,Assiminea pecos,Pecos assiminea snail,E,2005-09-08,E,2009-01-22,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,"A member of the marine snail family, but represents the most inland snail of the genus; semiaquatic, usually found on moist ground or beneath emergent plants within a few centimeters of flowing water; only known remaining Texas population at near Fort Stockton, Pecos County; historical to the Pecos River Valley of New Mexico and Texas"
Invertebrates,Atrytone arogos,Arogos skipper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Austrotinodes texensis,Texas austrotinodes caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Appears endemic to the karst springs and spring runs of the Edwards Plateau region; flow in type locality swift but may drop significantly during periods of little drought; substrate coarse and ranges from cobble and gravel to limestone bedrock; many limestone outcroppings also found along the streams
Invertebrates,Automeris zephyria,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1S3,Not Evaluated,"Pinyon-juniper woodland, ponderosa pine forest, and mixed shrubland."
Invertebrates,Baetodes alleni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1?,Yes,Mayflies distinguished by aquatic larval stage; adult stage generally found in shoreline vegetation
Invertebrates,Batrisodes cryptotexanus,Coffin Cave mold beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,Not Evaluated,"Resident, small, cave-adapted beetle found in small Edwards Limestone caves in Travis and Williamson counties."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes dentifrons,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,"The only known specimens were taken from under a rock in a cave (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes fanti,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,"This species was recently described from a few caves in Bell Co., Texas; from the underside of rocks in both dim twilight and complete darkness (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes feminiclypeus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,"This species is only known from disjunct caves in Bell Co., Texas (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes gravesi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,Not Evaluated,"This species is known from caves in Bell and Coryell Cos., Texas (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes grubbsi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Batrisodes incispes,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SNR,Not Evaluated,"It was recently described from a single cave in Bell Co., Texas; from the underside of a rock deeply buried in soil near the end of the cave in dim twilight (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes pekinsi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SNR,Not Evaluated,"This species was recently described from a single cave in Bell Co., Texas; from under a small rock buried in clay in the deepest part of the cave in total darkness (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes shadeae,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SNR,Not Evaluated,"This species was recently described from a single cave in Bexar Co., Texas (Chandler et al., 2009)."
Invertebrates,Batrisodes texanus,Coffin Cave mold beetle,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Resident, small, cave-adapted beetle found in small Edwards Limestone caves in Travis and Williamson counties"
Invertebrates,Batrisodes venyivi,Helotes mold beetle,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Small, eyeless mold beetle; karst features in northwestern Bexar County and northeastern Medina County"
Invertebrates,Batrisodes wartoni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,"It is only known from caves in Coryell Co., Texas (Chandler and Reddell, 2001)."
Invertebrates,Bicornucandona fineganensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SU,Yes,Spring obligate. Known only from two springs. Finegan Springs in Val Verde County and Blue Hole Springs in Val Verde County. Fine scale habitat requirements unknown.
Invertebrates,Bombus fervidus,yellow bumble bee,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Bombus fraternus,southern plains bumble bee,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Bombus morrisoni,Morrison bumble bee,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Bombus pensylvanicus,American bumblebee,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Bombus variabilis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Brackenridgia reddelli,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Caecidotea bilineata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,Yes,Spring obligate. Caecidotea bilineata is known only from non-cave groundwater habitats in deposits of Cretaceous age. It is presumably a phreatobite. Fine scale habitat requirements unknown.
Invertebrates,Caenis arwini,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2?,Not Evaluated,West Texas; mayflies distinguished by aquatic larval stage; adult stage generally found in shoreline vegetation
Invertebrates,Calathaemon holthuisi,Purgatory Cave shrimp,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Last known collection was in San Marcos, Hays Co. (Ezell's Cave) (Reddell 1994)."
Invertebrates,Calleida fimbriata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cambarellus texanus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Celotes limpia,scarce streaky-skipper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2?,No,"Washes and gullies in mountains (Burns, 1974; Opler, 1999). Scott (1986) characterizes habitat as open woodland and desert scrub."
Invertebrates,Chaetocnema rileyi,Boca Chica flea beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cheumatopsyche flinti,Flint's net-spinning Caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cheumatopsyche morsei,Morse's net-spinning caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S1,Not Evaluated,"Lotic systems, but specifics unknown"
Invertebrates,Chimarra holzenthali,Holzenthal's philopotamid caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Not Evaluated,Trinity River basin
Invertebrates,Chitrella elliotti,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Chitrella major,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cibolacris samalayucae,Samalayuca dune grasshopper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2?,S2?,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicindela cazieri,Cazier's tiger beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,Yes,"Most tiger beetles are active, usually brightly colored, and found in open, sunny areas; adult tiger beetles are predaceous and feed on a variety of small insects; larvae of tiger beetles are also predaceous and live in vertical burrows in soil of dry paths, fields, or sandy beaches"
Invertebrates,Cicindela celeripes,swift tiger beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G4,S2?,No,"Although Pearson et al. (2006) mention ""open forest paths"", the word forest is probably being used loosely and probably refers to some sort of xeric, scrubby oak woodland. This tiger beetle is essentially a grassland dweller that inhabits both natural dry prairie and anthropogenic dry grassland. In any woodland context, presumably only open patches are used."
Invertebrates,Cicindela fulgoris albilata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3T4,S2,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicindela hornii,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicindela nevadica olmosa,Los Olmos tiger beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,Not Evaluated,"Most tiger beetles are active, usually brightly colored, and found in open, sunny areas; adult tiger beetles are predaceous and feed on a variety of small insects; larvae of tiger beetles are also predaceous and live in vertical burrows in soil of dry paths, fields, or sandy beaches"
Invertebrates,Cicindela nigrocoerulea subtropica,subtropical black sky tiger beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,SH,Not Evaluated,"Most tiger beetles are active, usually brightly colored, and found in open, sunny areas; adult tiger beetles are predaceous and feed on a variety of small insects; larvae of tiger beetles are also predaceous and live in vertical burrows in soil of dry paths, fields, or sandy beaches"
Invertebrates,Cicindela obsoleta neojuvenilis,neojuvenile tiger beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,SH,Not Evaluated,"Bare or sparsely vegetated, dry, hard-packed soil; typically in previously disturbed areas; peak adult activity in Jul"
Invertebrates,Cicurina bandera,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina bandida,Bandit Cave spider,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S1,Yes,"Very small, subterrestrial, subterranean obligate"
Invertebrates,Cicurina baronia,Robber Baron Cave meshweaver,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Small, eyeless, or essentially eyeless spider; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Cicurina barri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina browni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina buwata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2Q,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina caverna,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina coryelli,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SU,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina ezelli,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina gruta,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina holsingeri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina machete,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina madla,Madla Cave meshweaver,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G1,S2,Yes,"Small, eyeless, or essentially eyeless spider; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Cicurina mckenziei,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina medina,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina menardia,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina obscura,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina orellia,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina pablo,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina pastura,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina patei,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina porteri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina puentecilla,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina rainesi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina reclusa,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina russelli,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina sansaba,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina selecta,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina serena,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SU,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina sheari,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina sprousei,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina stowersi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina suttoni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina travisae,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2Q,SU,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina ubicki,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina uvalde,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina venefica,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina vespera,Government Canyon Bat Cave meshweaver,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Small, eyeless, or essentially eyeless spider; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Cicurina vibora,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SU,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cicurina watersi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cirolanides texensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cisthene conjuncta,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1Q,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Comaldessus stygius,Comal Springs diving beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Known only from the outflows at Comal Springs; aquatic; diving beetles generally inhabit the water column
Invertebrates,Cordulegaster sarracenia,sarracenia spiketail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cryptocephalus downiei,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Cyclonaias necki,Guadalupe orb,E,2024-07-05,E,2024-07-05,G1,S2,Yes,"Species' distribution is limited to the Guadalupe River basin. Occurs in both mainstem and tributary habitats. Often found in substrates composed of sand, gravel, and cobble, including mud-silt or gravel-filled cracks in bedrock slabs. Considered intolerant of reservoirs, but are known to occur in them (Howells 2010m; Randklev et al. 2017b). [Mussels of Texas 2020]"
Invertebrates,Cyclonaias nodulata,wartyback,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S2,No,"Reported from small to medium-sized rivers, often in the lower reaches of these systems, and occasionally in lakes and reservoirs. Often found in habitats with substrates composed of sand and gravel in moving water (Parmalee and Bogan 1998). Occurs in main-channel habitats such as riffles and runs and in nearshore habitats including banks and backwaters (Haag and Cicerello 2016)."
Invertebrates,Cyclonaias petrina,Texas pimpleback,E,2024-07-05,E,2024-07-05,G1,S1,Yes,"Occurs in medium-size streams to large rivers primarily in riffles and runs. Often found in substrates composed of sand, gravel, and cobble, including mud-silt or gravel-filled cracks in bedrock slabs. Considered intolerant of reservoirs (Howells 2010m; Randklev et al. 2017b). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Cyclonaias pustulosa,pimpleback,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,SNR,No,"Occurs in small streams to large rivers in habitats including riffles and runs with flowing water, also found in nearshore habitats such as banks and backwaters or pools. Can occur in reservoirs but varies based by population. Is often found in substrates comprising of sand, gravel, and cobble but also mud and silt (Howells et al. 1996; Williams et al. 2008; Watters et al. 2009)."
Invertebrates,Cyrtonaias tampicoensis,Tampico pearlymussel,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"Reported from streams to rivers, reservoirs, and canals. In riverine habitats often found in nearshore habitats such as banks and backwaters, to include pools and oxbows, in mud or sand or among cobble and boulders with still to moderate currents (Howells et al. 1996)."
Invertebrates,Daedalochila hippocrepis,horseshoe liptooth,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S2,Not Evaluated,"Terrestrial snail known only from the steep, wooded hillsides of Landa Park in New Braunfels"
Invertebrates,Danaus plexippus plexippus,migratory monarch butterfly,C,2020-12-17,Not Listed,,G4T3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Dendrocephalus acacioidea,acacia fairy shrimp,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Playa, roadside pools in Brooks, Hidalgo, Kleberg Cos., Texas (Jass and Klausmeier, 2000). Occurs in turbid, warm water temporary pools and playas."
Invertebrates,Dinocheirus cavicola,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Diplocentrus diablo,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,No,"Like all species of Diplocentrus, D. diablo is an obligate burrower but may be found under large surface objects in rocky areas of the Rio Grande Valley (Stockwell &amp; Nilsson 1987)."
Invertebrates,Eidmannella bullata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Eidmannella delicata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Eidmannella nasuta,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Eidmannella reclusa,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ereboporus naturaconservatus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Erynnis martialis,mottled duskywing,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Euchemotrema leai cheatumi,palmetto pill snail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Euglandina texasiana,glossy wolfsnail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Euphyes bayensis,bay skipper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,No,"Apparently tidal sawgrass marsh only, probably covers same range of salinity as saw grass, nectarivore (butterfly), herbivore (caterpillar), larval foodplant is so far unconfirmed but is probably sawgrass, diurnal; two well separated broods apparently peaking in late May and in September which suggests the larvae may well aestivate in summer and the next brood hibernate"
Invertebrates,Euproserpinus wiesti,Wiest's sphinx moth,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Fallicambarus devastator,Texas prairie crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Fallicambarus houstonensis,Houston burrowing crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S3,Not Evaluated,"All species in the genus &lt;i&gt;Fallicambarus &lt;/i&gt;are primary burrowers (Guiasu, 2007). It is clearly a primary burrower with 100% of adult and subadult specimens known from excavated burrows. Large numbers of juveniles were collected from Temporary pools (October through February) (Johnson, 2008)."
Invertebrates,Fallicambarus kountzeae,Big Thicket burrowing crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S3,Not Evaluated,"All species in the genus Fallicambarus are primary burrowers (Guiasu, 2007). It is a primary burrower with 100% of known adults and subadults collected from burrows. Small juveniles are common in open water during the cool season (Johnson, 2008)."
Invertebrates,Farrodes mexicanus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,"In Big Bend National Park, larvae were found in small, permanently flowing, spring-fed creeks clinging to the underside of small stones and rocks in regions of the stream with little flow (Baumgardner and Bowles, 2005)."
Invertebrates,Faxonella blairi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,SNR,Not Evaluated,"Temporary pools and roadside ditches in woodland habitats. In wet seasons they emerge from chimneyless burrows of 0.7 to 1.2 feet deep to live in shallow sloughs, swamps, ditches and overflow pools (Johnson and Johnson, 2008)."
Invertebrates,Fusconaia askewi,Texas pigtoe,Not Listed,,T,2010-01-17,G2?,S2S3,No,"Occurs in small streams to large rivers, usually in water with at least some current; not known from reservoirs. Found in a variety of habitats but most common in riffles. Inhabits various substrates though most often sand, gravel, and cobble (Howells 2010a; Randklev et al. 2013b; Randklev et al. 2014a; Troia et al 2015).[Mussel of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Fusconaia chunii,Trinity pigtoe,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,GNR,S1,Yes,"Found in a variety of habitats but most common in riffles. Inhabits various substrates though most often sand, gravel, and cobble (species was recently split from Texas Pigtoe and occurs in similar habitats; Howells 2010a; Randklev et al. 2013b; Randklev et al. 2014a; Troia et al 2015). [Mussels of Texas 2020]"
Invertebrates,Fusconaia iheringi,Balcones spike,E,2024-07-05,E,2024-07-05,G1,SNR,Yes,Habitat not yet described.
Invertebrates,Fusconaia mitchelli,false spike,E,2024-07-05,E,2024-07-05,G1,S1,No,"Occurs in small streams to medium-size rivers in habitats such as riffles and runs with flowing water. Is often found in stable substrates of sand, gravel, and cobble (Howells 2010; Randklev et al. 2012; Sowards et al. 2013; Tsakiris and Randklev 2016). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Gammarus hyalelloides,diminutive amphipod,E,2013-08-08,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,Known only from Phantom Lake Spring; omnivorous; amphipods are active mostly at night and spend daylight hours hiding under vegetation and other cover; vulnerable to reduction of springflow resulting from declining levels of groundwater
Invertebrates,Gammarus pecos,Pecos amphipod,E,2013-08-08,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,Omnivorous; amphipods are active mostly at night and spend daylight hours hiding under vegetation and other cover; vulnerable to reduction of springflow resulting from declining levels of groundwater
Invertebrates,Gomphus gonzalezi,Tamaulipan clubtail dragonfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Not Evaluated,"Rivers, muddy to clear and rocky, should be watched for in substantial creeks as well. This species is considered rare and has a very restricted range in the Rio Grande Valley and southward in eastern Mexico. Abundance information is lacking (Ware et al 2016; Abbott 2005)."
Invertebrates,Haideoporus texanus,Edwards Aquifer diving beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat poorly known; known from an artesian well in Hays County
Invertebrates,Heliastus subroseus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2?,Yes,Sand dunes with sparse vegeatation in back of the beach along the Texas coast.
Invertebrates,Hemileuca chinatiensis,Chinati sheepmoth,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Hesperia ottoe,Ottoe skipper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Heterelmis comalensis,Comal Springs riffle beetle,E,1998-01-20,E,2012-04-27,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Comal and San Marcos Springs
Invertebrates,Heterobrenthus texanus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Holospira hamiltoni,Hamilton holospira,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Holospira mesolia,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S2,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Holospira riograndensis,Rio Grand holospira,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Holospira yucatanensis,Bartsch holospira,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana cheatumi,Davis Mountains threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Not Evaluated,"Terrestrial snail; deciduous leaf litter in cool, moist upper reaches of canyons in the Davis Mountains"
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana ferrissiana,Mitre Peak threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,Not Evaluated,"Terrestrial snail; higher elevations of the Davis Mts., in leaf litter, under rocks"
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana fullingtoni,Capote threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SU,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana hoegiana praesidii,San Carlos Threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana palmeri,Mount Livermore threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Not Evaluated,Terrestrial snail; highest parts (most mesic) of igneous intrusive mountains; in leaf litter; among boulders
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana texana,Stockton Plateau threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Rocky hill country with short grasses and some dwarf oaks on the hills; elevation about 1200-1500 m (3900-5000 ft)
Invertebrates,Humboldtiana ultima,northern threeband,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S3,Not Evaluated,"Leaf litter in mesic canyons of limestone mountains; in soil, under rocks"
Invertebrates,Hyalella texana,Clear Creek amphipod,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,"Hyallela spp. cling to vegetation and burrow in sediments of permanent freshwater impoundments; deposit-feeders, limited to uppermost layer of the sediment; lay eggs in marsupium of females where sperm has been deposited"
Invertebrates,Hydroptila melia,purse casemaker caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2?,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Hydroptila ouachita,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Not Evaluated,"Lotic systems, but specifics unknown"
Invertebrates,Islandiana unicornis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Isoperla jewetti,grande stripetail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,"Originally described from El Paso Co., Texas from specimens collected in 1939."
Invertebrates,Isoperla sagittata,arrowhead stripetail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,This species is known from a single site in southeast Texas (Newton Co.) (Stark et al. 2012; Stark 1996).
Invertebrates,Lampsilis bergmanni,Guadalupe fatmucket,E,2024-07-05,T,2020-03-27,G1,SNR,Yes,"Reported to occur in slow to moderate current in sand, mud, and gravel substrates among large cobble, boulders, bedrock ledges, horizontal cracks in bedrock slabs, and macrophyte beds. Has also been observed inhabiting the roots of cypress trees and vegetation along steep banks. Reported in lakes at Kerrville, Texas, which suggests it may occasionally persist in some impoundment conditions (Robert G. Howells, personal communication). (Mussels of Texas, 2020)"
Invertebrates,Lampsilis bracteata,Texas fatmucket,E,2024-07-05,T,2010-01-17,G1,S1,Yes,"Reported to occur in slow to moderate current in sand, mud, and gravel substrates among large cobble, boulders, bedrock ledges, horizontal cracks in bedrock slabs, and macrophyte beds. Has also been observed inhabiting the roots of cypress trees and vegetation along steep banks. Past authorities have reported this species intolerant of reservoir conditions but recent surveys suggest it may persist in some impoundment conditions (Howells 2010c; Randklev et al. 2017b). [Mussel of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Lampsilis hydiana,Louisiana fatmucket,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S4,No,"Reported from streams to rivers, may penetrate into headwaters, oxbows, lakes, canals, and reservoirs. Reported to occur in still to moderate currents in sand, mud, and gravel substrates. In riverine systems it is found primarily in nearshore habitats such as banks, backwaters and oxbows (Howells et al. 1996; Randklev et al. 2013a; Randklev et al. 2014a; Tsakiris and Randklev 2016). It adapts readily to reservoirs and can cope with flow modification stemming from river impoundment (Randklev et al. 2016)."
Invertebrates,Lampsilis satura,sandbank pocketbook,Not Listed,,T,2010-01-17,G2?,S1,No,Occurs in small streams to large rivers in slow to moderate current in sandy mud to sand and gravel substrate. Can occur in a variety of habitats but most common in littoral habitats such as banks or backwaters or in protected areas along point bars (Randklev et al. 2013b; Randklev et al. 2014a; Troia et al. 2015). [Mussels of Texas 2019]
Invertebrates,Latineosus cibola,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,"This species was recently described from Texas in only two localities (a creek and a water treatment plant on a major river) in Val Verde and Webb Cos. (Sun and McCafferty, 2008)."
Invertebrates,Leaunio lienosus,little spectaclecase,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1S2,No,"Reported from streams to rivers in still to moderate currents in mud, sand, or gravel substrates. Usually found in nearshore habitats such as bank and backwater habitats or depositional areas but may occur in mainchannel habitats such as riffles."
Invertebrates,Leptobasis melinogaster,cream-tipped swampdamsel,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Leucohya texana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Limnephilus adapus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Lintneria eremitoides,sage sphinx moth,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1?,No,"Desert, grassland; sandy prairie or desert with sage; caterpillars feed on leaves of sage; adults emerge late spring or summer, but little information available; immatures develop directly to the pupal stage probably in 5-7 weeks, and pupae overwinter underground"
Invertebrates,Lirceolus bisetus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Lirceolus cocytus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Lirceolus nidulus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2S4,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Lirceolus smithii,Texas troglobitic water slater,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Subaquatic, subterranean obligate, aquifer."
Invertebrates,Lymantes nadineae,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile amica,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SH,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile bruneri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile dakotensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile deflexa,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SH,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile fortis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile integra,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile melanderi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SH,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile oenotherae,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile parksi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile rugifrons,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Megachile victoriana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Melanoplus alexanderi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2?,Yes,Primarily in open oak or pine/oak savannah type habitats with fine grain loamy sand to sandy loam soils.
Invertebrates,Mexiweckelia hardeni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Millerelix gracilis,Edwards Plateau liptooth,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S3,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Monodella texana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Nectopsyche texana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2?,Not Evaluated,"Riparian, Riverine"
Invertebrates,Neoleptoneta anopica,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Neoleptoneta concinna,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Neoleptoneta devia,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Neoleptoneta microps,Government Canyon Bat Cave spider,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Small, eyeless, or essentially eyeless spider; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Neoleptoneta myopica,Tooth Cave spider,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Not Evaluated,"Very small, cave-adapted, sedentary spider"
Invertebrates,Neoleptoneta valverde,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Neotrichia juani,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,"Specimens were collected from perennial and ephemeral rivers, and small spring-fed streams (Harris and Tiemann 1993)."
Invertebrates,Neotrichia mobilensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1?,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Neotrichia sonora,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Nesovitrea suzannae,live oak glass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Nicrophorus americanus,American burying beetle,E,1989-08-14,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Varies widely from oak-hickory and coniferous forest ridges tops or hillsides to riparian corridors and valley floor pastures; extremely xeric, saturated, or loose sandy soils unsuitable; adults primarily above ground, eggs in soil adjacent to buried carcass, teneral adults overwinter in soil"
Invertebrates,Nitocrellopsis texana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,SU,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Obovaria arkansasensis,southern hickorynut,Not Listed,,T,2010-01-17,G3G4,S1,No,"Clay, sand, and medium sized gravel substrates with low to moderate current; Neches, Sabine, and Cypress river basins"
Invertebrates,Ochrotrichia capitana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ochrotrichia guadalupensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1?,Yes,"Collected from Texas, Culberson County, Smith Spring, 2.4 km North Park headquarters, Guadalupe Mountains National Park on 5/20/1991 by R. Hood. A few more specimens were collected from the same park again in yrs 1991 and 1987. S. Harris and S. Moulton 1993."
Invertebrates,Oncopodura fenestra,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Orconectes maletae,Kisatchie painted crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3?,S2,No,"Streams of varying sizes and bottoms, almost always with leaf litter"
Invertebrates,Ormiscus albofasciatus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Ormiscus irroratus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Osmia illinoensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Osmia watsoni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Pachyschelus fisheri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Palaemonetes texanus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1?,Yes,Collected in Comal and Hays counties (Middel Guadalupe and San Marcos watersheds).
Invertebrates,Paraholsingerius smaragdinus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Paralimnetis texana,Texas paralimnetis,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"This species is reported from only two localities, both of which are artificial, human made wetlands in road side ditches; it is assumed to be a temporary wetland species like other large branchiopods."
Invertebrates,Paramexiweckelia ruffoi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Gravel bottom and lacks vegetation
Invertebrates,Paruroctonus williamsi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Patera leatherwoodi,Pedernales oval,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Perdita dolanensis,Dolan Falls perdita,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phallocryptus sublettei,salt playa fairy shrimp,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S3,No,"Saline playa lakes ranging from a few meters to a kilometer in diameter; usually very shallow with depth of water a function of rainfall, humidity, and basin structure; dry during summer and filling with fall rains (Rogers, 2003; Lang and Rogers, 2002)."
Invertebrates,Phoenicobiella schwarzii,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Photuris flavicollis,sky island firefly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatoceras taylori,nymph trumpet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia conica,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia coronae,crowned cavesnail,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia imitata,mimic cavesnail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Subaquatic; only known from two wells penetrating the Edwards Aquifer
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia micra,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia plana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia punctata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phreatodrobia rotunda,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Phylocentropus harrisi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,No,"Lotic systems, but specifics unknown"
Invertebrates,Piruna haferniki,Chisos skipperling,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1?,No,"Open oak/pine woodland, thorn scrub below oak zone, nectarivore/herbivore, adults in genus nectar and drink from damp soil; larva of subfamily feed on grasses or sedges, some very specialized, caterpillars of other Piruna eat leaves of broad-leaved grasses, including grama grass Bouteloua; diurnal, hibernates/aestivates; adults fly from March to possibly October"
Invertebrates,Plauditus texanus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1?,No,"Larvae are associated with small to medium limestone cobble and macrophytes in shallow riffles of clear, cool, alkaline streams (P. McCafferty, personal communication, December 2003)."
Invertebrates,Pleurobema riddellii,Louisiana pigtoe,PT,2023-03-20,T,2010-01-17,G1G2,S1,No,"Occurs in small streams to large rivers in slow to moderate currents in substrates of clay, mud, sand, and gravel. Not known from impoundments (Howells 2010f; Randklev et al. 2013b; Troia et al. 2015). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Pogonomyrmex comanche,Comanche harvester ant,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Polyphylla monahansensis,Monahans lined june beetle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Polyphylla pottsorum,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Popenaias popeii,Texas hornshell,E,2018-03-12,E,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,"Occurs in small streams to large rivers in slow to moderate current, often residing in rock crevices, travertine shelves, and under large boulders, where small-grained material, such as clay, silt, or sand gathers. Can also occur in riffles that are clean swept of soft silt; not known from reservoirs (Carman 2007; Inoue et al. 2014; Randklev et al. 2017b; Randklev et al. forthcoming). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Potamilus amphichaenus,Texas heelsplitter,PE,2023-03-20,T,2010-01-17,G1G3,S1,No,"Occurs in small streams to large rivers in standing to slow-flowing water; most common in banks, backwaters and quiet pools; adapts to some reservoirs. Often found in soft substrates such as mud, silt or sand (Howells et al. 1996; Randklev et al. 2017a). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Potamilus metnecktayi,Salina mucket,Not Listed,,T,2010-01-17,G1,S1,No,"Occurs in medium to large rivers, where it may be found in substrates composed of various combinations of mud, sand, gravel, and cobble, as well as under rocks. It occurs in areas with slow to moderate current, most often in stable littoral habitats dominated by boulder or bedrock habitat; not known from reservoirs (Randklev et al. 2017b; Randklev et al. forthcoming). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Potamilus streckersoni,Brazos heelsplitter,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-27,GNR,SNR,Yes,"Reported from streams, but not far into the headwaters, to large rivers, and some reservoirs. In riverine systems occurs most often in nearshore habitats such as banks and backwater pools but occasionally in mainchannel habitats such as riffles. Typically found in standing to slow-flowing water in soft substrates consisting of silt, mud or sand but occasionally in moderate flows with gravel and cobble substrates (Randklev et al. 2014b,c; Tsakiris and Randklev 2016b; Smith et al. 2019) [Mussels of Texas 2020]"
Invertebrates,Praticolella candida,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Praticolella trimatris,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Procambarus brazoriensis,Brazoria crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"The species is found in roadside ditches. In droughts, animals may burrow into substrate. The type locality is described as a ditch beside a road. The ditch was 100 m long and one metre wide which commonly contains water up to 0.3 m deep although does dry completely when there is no rain (Albaugh, 1975)."
Invertebrates,Procambarus nechesae,Neches crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1S2,Yes,Simple burrows in temporary or semi permanent pools in roadside ditches
Invertebrates,Procambarus nigrocinctus,blackbelted crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,It occurs in moderately flowing small creeks. Found among rocks and accumulated debris.
Invertebrates,Procambarus nueces,Nueces crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Known only from one small sluggish stream tributary to the Nueces River; slightly sinuous channel with natural debris impeding flow; substrate of sand and gravel, also silt covered in deeper pooled areas; riparian edges of grasses, sedges, and herbaceous plants in mostly unshaded area"
Invertebrates,Procambarus regalis,regal burrowing crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,SNR,Not Evaluated,"It is a burrower usually found near or within stre stands of prairie lands, but in some places, burrows completely cover fields. Burrow areas may be far from places where rain would regularly produce pools of temporary water and tunnel depth may exceed 6 feet. Excavation around the hole is more often seen as a plume or low hill than a chimney (Johnson and Johnson, 2008)."
Invertebrates,Procambarus steigmani,Parkhill Prairie crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1S2,Yes,"Burrower in long-grass prairie; all animals were collected with traps, thus there is no knowledge of depths of burrows; herbivore; crepuscular, nocturnal"
Invertebrates,Procambarus texanus,Bastrop crayfish,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Ponds
Invertebrates,Procloeon distinctum,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3Q,S2?,Yes,Mayflies distinguished by aquatic larval stage; adult stage generally found in shoreline vegetation
Invertebrates,Protoptila arca,San Marcos saddle-case caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Known from an artesian well in Hays County; locally very abundant; swift, well-oxygenated warm water about 1-2 m deep; larvae and pupal cases abundant on rocks"
Invertebrates,Protoptila balmorhea,Balmorhea saddle-case caddisfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,Oviparous; larvae make turtle-shaped cases of small pebbles attached to the underside of stones in swift-flowing streams and rivers
Invertebrates,Pseudocentroptiloides morihari,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2?,Yes,Mayflies distinguished by aquatic larval stage; adult stage generally found in shoreline vegetation
Invertebrates,Pseudosubulina cheatumi,Chisos foxsnail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Pseudotryonia adamantina,Diamond Y springsnail,E,2013-08-08,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,"Endemic; aquatic snail only known from a spring system and associated outflows in Pecos County; mud substrates on the margins of small springs and seeps, and marshes in flowing water associated with sedges and cattails; presumed to be fine particle feeders of detritus and periphyton within substrate"
Invertebrates,Psychopomporus felipi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,"Spring obligate. Known only from San Felipe Springs, Val Verde County. Fine scale habitat requirements unknown."
Invertebrates,Pygarctia lorula,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Pyractomena vexillaria,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Pyrgulopsis davisi,Limpia Creek spring snail,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,Freshwater; in and on mud and rocks among patches of watercress in spring-fed rivulets 
Invertebrates,Pyrgulopsis ignota,Caroline's springs pyrg,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,Spring obligate. Known only from Caroline Springs in Terrell County. Fine scale habitat requirements unknown.
Invertebrates,Pyrgulopsis metcalfi,Presidio County spring snail,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,Found in the outflows of springs (24 degrees C) in fine mud and dense watercress
Invertebrates,Pyrgulopsis texana,phantom springsnail,E,2013-08-08,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,Endemic aquatic snail; known only from three spring systems and associated outflows in Jeff Davis and Reeves counties; vulnerable to reduction of springflow resulting from declining levels of groundwater
Invertebrates,Quadrula quadrula,mapleleaf,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Reported from streams to rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. In riverine habitats, it may be found in main-channel habitats such as riffles or runs in sand, gravel, and cobble substrates with moderate to swift currents. May also be found in nearshore habitats such as banks and backwaters to include pools in sand or mud substrates with little to no flow. (Williams et al. 2008; Howells 2016; Haag and Cicerello 2016)."
Invertebrates,Rhadine austinica,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine exilis,No accepted common name,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G3,S1,Yes,"Small, essentially eyeless ground beetle; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Rhadine infernalis,No accepted common name,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,Yes,"Small, essentially eyeless ground beetle; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Rhadine infernalis ewersi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3T1,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine infernalis infernalis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3T2T3,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine insolita,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine koepkei,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine noctivaga,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine persephone,Tooth Cave ground beetle,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Resident, small, cave-adapted beetle found in small Edwards Limestone caves in Travis and Williamson counties"
Invertebrates,Rhadine russelli,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine speca,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine speca gentilis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine speca speca,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T1,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine subterranea,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Rhadine tenebrosa,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Sagittunio subrostratus,pondmussel,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"Reported from streams to rivers, where it can invade headwater systems but is rarely in large river systems. Can also inhabit natural and artificial ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and canals. In riverine habitat typically occurs in backwaters, pools, sloughs, and oxbows in little to no current in substrates of mud or sand (Parmalee and Bogan 1998; Williams et al. 2008; Watters et al. 2009; Haag and Cicerello 2016; Watters 2018)."
Invertebrates,Salimuzzamania howdeni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Satyrium polingi,Poling's hairstreak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Oak woodland with Quercus grisea as substantial component, probably also uses Q. emoryi; larvae feed on new growth of Q. grisea, adults utilize nectar from a variety of flowers including milkweed and catslaw acacia; adults fly mid May - Jun, again mid Aug - early Sept"
Invertebrates,Schistocerca camerata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Seborgia hershleri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Somatochlora margarita,Texas emerald dragonfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,East Texas pineywoods; springfed creeks and bogs; small sandy forested streams with moderate current
Invertebrates,Sonorella huecoensis,Huecos Mountains talus snail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Sonorella metcalfi,Franklin Mountain talus snail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Terrestrial; bare rock, talus, scree; inhabits igneous talus most commonly of rhyolitic origin"
Invertebrates,Sparbarus coushatta,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SNR,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Spectralia prosternalis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Speocirolana hardeni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Speodesmus falcatus,sickled cave millipede,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Speodesmus ivyi,Ivy's cave millipede,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Speodesmus reddelli,Reddell's cave millipede,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Sphalloplana mohri,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Sphingicampa blanchardi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Probable,"Woodland - hardwood; Tamaulipan thornscrub with caterpillars host plant, Texas Ebony (Pitheocellobium flexicaule) an important element"
Invertebrates,Stallingsia maculosus,Manfreda giant-skipper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Most skippers are small and stout-bodied; name derives from fast, erratic flight; at rest most skippers hold front and hind wings at different angles; skipper larvae are smooth, with the head and neck constricted; skipper larvae usually feed inside a leaf shelter and pupate in a cocoon made of leaves fastened together with silk"
Invertebrates,Streptocephalus mattoxi,crenatethumb fairy shrimp,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Occurs in turbid, warm water temporary playas."
Invertebrates,Strophitus undulatus,creeper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1,No,"Reported from headwater streams to large rivers, though may be rare in these systems, occasionally in lakes and canals. In riverine habitats can be found in riffles or areas with less current such as banks, backwaters or pools. Can occur in a variety of substrates including mud, sand, gravel, and may also be found wedged in cracks in bedrock slabs or among macrophyte beds (Parmalee and Bogan 1998; Williams et al. 2008; Watters et al. 2009; Haag and Cicerello 2016)."
Invertebrates,Stygobromus alabamensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Stygobromus balconis,Balcones Cave amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,"Subaquatic, subterranean obligate amphipod"
Invertebrates,Stygobromus bifurcatus,bifurcated cave amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Stygobromus dejectus,Cascade Cave amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Subaquatic crustacean; subterranean obligate; in pools
Invertebrates,Stygobromus flagellatus,Ezell's Cave amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S3,Yes,Known only from artesian wells
Invertebrates,Stygobromus hadenoecus,Devil's Sinkhole amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Subaquatic; subterranean obligate crustacean; in cave pools (enriched by bat guano?)
Invertebrates,Stygobromus limbus,Border Cave amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2S4,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Stygobromus pecki,Peck's Cave amphipod,E,1997-12-18,E,2000-11-01,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Small, aquatic crustacean; lives underground in the Edwards Aquifer; collected at Comal Springs and Hueco Springs"
Invertebrates,Stygobromus reddelli,Reddell's Cave amphipod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Subterranean obligate; small cave streams
Invertebrates,Stygoparnus comalensis,Comal Springs dryopid beetle,E,1998-01-20,E,2012-04-27,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Dryopids usually cling to objects in a stream; dryopids are sometimes found crawling on stream bottoms or along shores; adults may leave the stream and fly about, especially at night; most dryopid larvae are vermiform and live in soil or decaying wood "
Invertebrates,Stygopyrgus bartonensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Susperatus tonkawa,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SNR,Not Evaluated,"It is only known from the type locality in Texas (Sun and McCafferty, 2008)."
Invertebrates,Taeniopteryx starki,Texas willowfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Habitat not described in detail, but apparently breeds in rivers; several members of this genus are known to use warm lotic environments, while others use cold lotic environments"
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris altimana,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris amblyopa,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris attenuata,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris domina,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris grubbsi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris hoodensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris infernalis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris intermedia,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris proserpina,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris reyesi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tartarocreagris texana,Tooth Cave pseudoscorpion,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Small, cave-adapted pseudoscorpion known from small limestone caves of the Edwards Plateau"
Invertebrates,Texamaurops reddelli,Kretschmarr Cave mold beetle,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,"Small, cave-adapted beetle found under rocks buried in silt; small, Edwards Limestone caves in of the Jollyville Plateau, a division of the Edwards Plateau"
Invertebrates,Texanobathynella bowmani,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2S4,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texapyrgus longleyi,striated hydrobe,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella brevidenta,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella brevistyla,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella cokendolpheri,Cokendolpher cave harvestman,E,2000-12-26,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Small, eyeless harvestman; karst features in north and northwest Bexar County"
Invertebrates,Texella diplospina,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella fendi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella grubbsi,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella hardeni,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella mulaiki,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella reddelli,Reddell harvestman,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,"Small, blind, cave-adapted harvestman endemic to a few caves in Travis and Williamson counties"
Invertebrates,Texella renkesae,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texella reyesi,Bone Cave harvestman,E,1988-09-16,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,"Small, blind, cave-adapted harvestman endemic to several caves in Travis and Williamson counties; weakly differentiated from Texella reddelli"
Invertebrates,Texiweckelia texensis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Texiweckeliopsis insolita,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tortopus circumfluus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2?,Yes,Mayflies distinguished by aquatic larval stage; adult stage generally found in shoreline vegetation
Invertebrates,Toxolasma parvum,lilliput,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Reported from small streams, where it may penetrate into the headwaters, to large rivers, oxbows, sloughs, lakes, ponds, canals, borrow pits, and reservoirs. Primarily occurs in still to slow currents in mud and sand substrates (Coker et al. 1921; Read 1954; Neck and Metcalf 1988; Williams et al. 2008; Watters et al. 2009)."
Invertebrates,Trichodesma pulchella,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Not Evaluated,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Tricorythodes curvatus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2?,No,"AR, OK, TX; mayflies distinguished by aquatic larval stage; adult stage generally found in bankside vegetation"
Invertebrates,Trigonogya reticulaticollis,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Trigonoscutoides texanus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Yes,This species is associated with early seral sand dune habitats found in the Permian Basin
Invertebrates,Tritogonia nobilis,Gulf mapleleaf,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,SU,No,"Reported from streams to rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. In riverine habitats it is often found in nearshore, backwaters, or riffles in still to moderate currents in mud, sand, gravel, or cobble substrates (Howells et al. 1996; Williams et al. 2008)."
Invertebrates,Tritogonia verrucosa,pistolgrip,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S3S4,No,"Reported from streams to rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, but considered less tolerant of impoundment (Haag and Cicerello 2016). Can occur in a variety of habitat types but most often found in main channel habitats such as riffles and runs with moderate current and sand, gravel, or cobble substrates (Howells et al. 1996; Williams et al. 2008)."
Invertebrates,Truncilla cognata,Mexican fawnsfoot,PE,2023-07-25,T,2010-01-17,G1,S1,No,"Occurs in large rivers but may also be found in medium-sized streams. Is commonly found in habitats with some flowing water, often in protected near shore areas such as banks and backwaters but also at the head of riffles; the latter more often supporting both sub-adults and adults. Typically occurs in substrates of mixed sand and gravel as well as soft unconsolidated sediments. Considered intolerant of reservoirs (Randklev et al. 2017b; Randklev et al. forthcoming). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Truncilla donaciformis,fawnsfoot,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"Reported from streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. In riverine habitats occurs in mainchannel habitats such as riffles or runs with moderate to swift current and in areas with no current such as banks and backwaters. Found in firm mud, sand, gravel, and cobble substrates. Juveniles are often found attached to rocks and other hard surfaces by byssal threads, which are retained into adulthood (Haag 2012). May spend much of their lives well-buried in substrate (Parmalee and Bogan 1998; Williams et al. 2008)."
Invertebrates,Truncilla macrodon,Texas fawnsfoot,T,2024-07-05,T,2010-01-17,G1,S2,Yes,"Occurs in large rivers but may also be found in medium-sized streams. Is found in protected near shore areas such as banks and backwaters but also riffles and point bar habitats with low to moderate water velocities. Typically occurs in substrates of mud, sandy mud, gravel and cobble. Considered intolerant of reservoirs (Randklev et al. 2010; Howells 2010o; Randklev et al. 2014b,c; Randklev et al. 2017a,b). [Mussels of Texas 2019]"
Invertebrates,Truncilla truncata,deertoe,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Reported from streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. In riverine habitats primarily occurs in mainchannel habitats such as riffles or runs with moderate to swift current but may occasionally occur in areas with no current. Typically found in sand, gravel, cobble substrates, but sometimes may occur in firm mud or in crevices among large rocks and boulders (Parmalee and Bogan 1998; Williams et al. 2008)."
Invertebrates,Tryonia brunei,Brune's tryonia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Endemic freshwater snail; benthic; currently only found in modified waters Phantom Lake Spring; abundant on firm substratum and in soft mud before modification; vulnerable to declining groundwater resulting in reduction of springflow 
Invertebrates,Tryonia cheatumi,Phantom tryonia,E,2013-08-08,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,Endemic aquatic snail; known only from three spring systems and associated outflows in Jeff Davis and Reeves counties; vulnerable to reduction of springflow resulting from declining levels of groundwater
Invertebrates,Tryonia circumstriata,Gonzales tryonia,E,2013-08-08,E,2015-03-23,G1,S1,Yes,"Endemic; aquatic snail only known from a spring system and associated outflows in Pecos County; mud substrates on the margins of small springs and seeps, and marshes in flowing water associated with sedges and cattails; presumed to be fine particle feeders of detritus and periphyton within substrate"
Invertebrates,Tryonia metcalfi,Metcalf's tryonia,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-27,G1,SNR,Yes,"Locality is a complex of small seeps that discharges into a broad arroyo. This species was found on mud, decaying vegetation, and on the undersides of rocks in water."
Invertebrates,Tryonia oasiensis,Carolinae tryonia,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-27,G1,SNR,Yes,"Endemic to a single site in the lower Pecos River basin. Found in a complex of large springs, which is also known as T5 Springs, and discharges into two large ponds. Found in low abundance in silt along the edges of a short (ca. 5 m) reach of the outflow of the lower pond."
Invertebrates,Tyrannochthonius troglodytes,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Invertebrates,Uniomerus declivis,tapered pondhorn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,SNR,No,"It likely occurs in streams, rivers, oxbows, marshes, swamps, lakes, canals, ponds, and reservoirs in still to moderate currents in mud, sand, or gravel substrates. Also probably occurs in woody debris such as logjams and exposed roots of riparian trees (Williams et al. 2008)."
Invertebrates,Vaejovis chisos,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,Yes,"Specimens were collected in thickly wooded areas with substantial ground cover (i.e. decayed leaves, plant cover), mainly from the banks and slopes assocaited with trail cuts. These areas were moister than adjoining slopes where the species was not found."
Invertebrates,Xiphocentron messapus,No accepted common name,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2?,Yes,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals,Antilocapra americana,pronghorn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Prefers hilly and plateau areas of open grassland, desert-grassland, and desert-scrub, where it frequents south-facing slopes and other sheltered areas."
Mammals,Bison bison,bison,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,SH,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals,Blarina hylophaga hylophaga,Elliot's short-tailed shrew,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1Q,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals,Blarina hylophaga plumbea,Aransas short-tailed shrew,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1Q,S1,Yes,Excavates burrows in sandy soils underlying mottes of live oak trees or in areas with little to no ground cover.
Mammals,Corynorhinus rafinesquii,Rafinesque's big-eared bat,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G3G4,S2,No,"Historically, lowland pine and hardwood forests with large hollow trees. roosts in cavity trees of bottomland hardwoods, concrete culverts, and abandoned man-made structures"
Mammals,Corynorhinus townsendii,Townsend's big-eared bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3?,No,"In Texas, habitat ranges from desert scrub to pinyon-juniper woodland, consistently in areas with canyons or cliffs (Schmidly 1991). Roosts in caves, crevases, trees, and buildings in the Panhandle and Trans-Pecos."
Mammals,Corynorhinus townsendii pallescens,pale Townsend's big-eared bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3T4,S3?,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals,Cynomys ludovicianus,black-tailed prairie dog,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Dry, flat, short grasslands with low, relatively sparse vegetation, including areas overgrazed by cattle; live in large family groups"
Mammals,Dipodomys compactus compactus,Padre Island kangaroo rat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,Yes,Dunes and open sandy areas near the coast.
Mammals,Dipodomys elator,Texas kangaroo rat,PE,2023-08-17,T,1977-07-18,G2,S1,No,"Sandy loam surface soils containing some clay and which supports short grasses (buffalo grass) and small to medium sized mesquite; mesquite not required, but mostly in association with scattered mesquite shrubs and sparse, short grasses in areas underlain by firm clay soils; along fencerows adjacent to cultivated fields/roads; burrows into soil with openings usually at base of mesquite or shrub; active throughout year; nocturnal; feeds on grass seeds, insects, and annual and perennial forbs; metabolizes water from foods, but will drink water when available; young born in underground nest chamber."
Mammals,Euderma maculatum,spotted bat,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S3,No,"Ponderosa pine forests to desert scrub; habitat requirement appears to be limited to presence of broken canyon country or cliffs for roosting sites; in Texas, Big Bend region; preferred habitat not fully understood, but species reported from pine forests at high elevations to open, desert scrub; reproduction data sparse, but single offspring born June-July"
Mammals,Eumops perotis,western mastiff bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S3,No,"Undisturbed rock crevices are essential to successful breeding. Ssp. californicus - arid canyons; roosts in crevices in rock walls of desert canyons, old buildings, hollow trees; roost site must have clearance for a three meter fall by exiting bats"
Mammals,Eumops perotis californicus,greater western mastiff bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5T4,S3,No,"Arid canyons; roosts in crevices in rock walls of desert canyons, old buildings, hollow trees; roost site must have clearance for a three meter fall by exiting bats; colony size varies from several individuals to several dozen; males and females may remain together throughout the year; single offspring (occasionally twins) born June-July."
Mammals,Geomys arenarius,desert pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,"Cottonwood-willow association along the Rio Grande in El Paso and Hudspeth counties; does not tolerate clayey or gravelly soils characteristic of the other Geomys species; common along irrigation ditches in the sandy river bottom area.Lives underground, but build large and conspicuous mounds; life history not well documented, but presumed to eat mostly vegetation, be active year round, and bear more than one litter per year."
Mammals,Geomys knoxjonesi,Jones's pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3Q,S2,No,"This fossorial rodent is restricted to areas with deep, sandy, aeolian soils; usually in native yucca-grassland habitat, although it is also found on grassy roadsides, pastures, and lawns (Bradley and Baker, in Wilson and Ruff 1999)."
Mammals,Geomys personatus davisi,Davis pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T2,S2,Yes,Burrows in sandy soils in southern Texas
Mammals,Geomys personatus maritimus,maritime pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T2,S2,Yes,"Fossorial, in deep sandy soils; feeds mostly from within burrow on roots and other plant parts, especially grasses; ecologically important as prey species and in influencing soils, microtopography, habitat heterogeneity, and plant diversity"
Mammals,Geomys streckeri,Strecker's pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1Q,S1,Yes,"Underground burrows of deep, sandy soils; feed mostly on vegetation; reproductive data not well known, but likely breed year round, with no more than two litters per year"
Mammals,Geomys texensis bakeri,Frio pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,Yes,"Associated with nearly level Atco soil, which is well-drained and consists of sandy surface layers with loam extending to as deep as two meters"
Mammals,Geomys texensis texensis,Llano pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,Yes,"Found in deep, brown loamy sands or gravelly sandy loams and is isolated from other species of pocket gophers by intervening shallow stony to gravelly clayey soils"
Mammals,Lasiurus cinereus,hoary bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,"Hoary bats are highly migratory, high-flying bats that have been noted throughout the state. Females are known to migrate to Mexico in the winter, males tend to remain further north and may stay in Texas year-round. Commonly associated with forests (foliage roosting species) but are found in unforested parts of the state and lowland deserts. Tend to be captured over water and large, open flyways."
Mammals,Lasiurus ega,southern yellow bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3S4,No,"Relict palm grove is only known Texas habitat. Neotropical species roosting in palms, forages over water; insectivorous; breeding in late winter. Roosts in dead palm fronds in ornamental palms in urban areas."
Mammals,Lasiurus seminolus,Seminole bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Pine-oak and long-leaf pine in east Texas. Habitats include pine, mixed pine-hardwood, and hardwood forests of uplands and bottomlands, particularly pine-dominated forests, including mature pine and pine-hardwood corridors in managed pine forest landscapes (Menzel et al. 1998, 1999, 2000; Carter et al. 2004; Marks and Marks 2006; Perry and Thill 2007; Perry et al. 2007; Hein et al. 2008; Ammerman et al. 2012)."
Mammals,Lasiurus xanthinus,western yellow bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S1,No,"Forages over water both perennial and intermittent sources, found at low elevations (< 6,000 feet), roosts in vegetation (yucca, hackberry, sycamore, cypress, and especially palm); also hibernates in palm; locally common in residential areas landscaped with palms in Tuscon and Phoenix, Arizona; young born in June; insectivore"
Mammals,Leopardus pardalis,ocelot,E,1982-07-21,E,1974-05-19,G4,S1,No,Restricted to mesquite-thorn scrub and live-oak mottes; avoids open areas. Dense mixed brush below four feet; thorny shrublands;  dense chaparral thickets; breeds and raises young June-November.
Mammals,Leptonycteris nivalis,Mexican long-nosed bat,E,1988-09-30,E,1988-12-30,G3,S1,No,"Pine-oak woodland to desert in Big Bend region. In U.S., found roosting in high elevations of the Chisos Mountains (scrub-woodlands dominated by pinyon pine/oaks) and feeding on nectar from desert cacti (Agave) found at various elevations in more open scrub-grassland areas.  Colonial, cave-dwelling species that usually inhabits deep caverns; breeding season April-June, with single offspring born in Mexico prior to migration to Texas."
Mammals,Liomys irroratus,Mexican spiny pocket mouse,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,Lives in dense brush on ridges forming the old Rio Grande river bed. Usually closely associated with prickly pear thickets. Nests are in underground burrows.
Mammals,Mephitis macroura,hooded skunk,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1S2,No,"Rocky canyons &amp; riparian corridors at low elevations, rarely to 6000 feet. Avoids man-made habitations. Only known from the Trans-Pecos regions along the Rio Grande."
Mammals,Microtus ochrogaster,prairie vole,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1,No,"Extreme northern Panhandle; colonial; upland herbaceous fields; grasslands, old agricultural lands and thickets; places where there is suitable cover for runways; floodplains of rivers serve as dispersal routes; railroad and highway right-of-ways may serve as corridors for dispersal; nests in burrows, under boards or logs, and above ground in grassy clumps; breeds year-round, esp. spring/fall; peaks depend on availability of moisture"
Mammals,Mormoops megalophylla,ghost-faced bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"Winter roosts are in large limestone caves. Buildings and rock crevasses provide roosts, as well."
Mammals,Mustela nigripes,black-footed ferret,E,1970-06-02,Not Listed,,G1,SX,No,Short-grass prairie with prairie dog towns.  Inhabited prairie dog towns in the general area 
Mammals,Myotis austroriparius,southeastern myotis bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3?,No,"Caves are rare in Texas portion of range; buildings, hollow trees are probably important. Historically, lowland pine and hardwood forests with large hollow trees; associated with ecological communities near water.  Roosts in cavity trees of bottomland hardwoods, concrete culverts, and abandoned man-made structures."
Mammals,Myotis californicus,California myotis,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,Often use buildings and mines as night roosts.
Mammals,Myotis ciliolabrum,western small-footed myotis bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Mountainous regions of the Trans-Pecos, usually in wooded areas, also found in grassland and desert scrub habitats; roosts beneath slabs of rock, behind loose tree bark, and in buildings; maternity colonies often small and located in abandoned houses, barns, and other similar structures; apparently occurs in Texas only during spring and summer months; insectivorous"
Mammals,Myotis thysanodes,fringed myotis,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Higher elevations of the Trans-Pecos, cliffs, rock crevices."
Mammals,Myotis velifer,cave myotis bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S2S3,No,"Colonial and cave-dwelling; also roosts in rock crevices, old buildings, carports, under bridges, and even in abandoned Cliff Swallow (Hirundo pyrrhonota) nests; roosts in clusters of up to thousands of individuals; hibernates in limestone caves of Edwards Plateau and gypsum cave of Panhandle during winter; opportunistic insectivore."
Mammals,Myotis volans,long-legged myotis bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S1S2,No,"Found in pine-oak woodland to grassland ecotone, higher elevations of Trans-Pecos.High, open woods and mountainous terrain; nursery colonies (which may contain several hundred individuals) form in summer in buildings, crevices, and hollow trees; apparently does not use caves as day roosts, but may use such sites at night; single offspring born June-July."
Mammals,Myotis yumanensis,Yuma myotis,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3?,No,"Caves, mines, tunnels and buildings in Trans-Pecos."
Mammals,Nasua narica,white-nosed coati,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G5,S1,No,"Woodlands, riparian corridors and canyons.Most individuals in Texas probably transients from Mexico; diurnal and crepuscular; very sociable; forages on ground and in trees; omnivorous; may be susceptible to hunting, trapping, and pet trade "
Mammals,Nyctinomops femorosaccus,pocketed free-tailed bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,Semiarid desert grasslands; roosts in caves cliff crevices under building roof tiles; feed on insects; females bear one pup per season Jul - Aug 
Mammals,Nyctinomops macrotis,big free-tailed bat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Habitat data sparse but records indicate that species prefers to roost in crevices and cracks in high canyon walls, but will use buildings, as well; reproduction data sparse, gives birth to single offspring late June-early July; females gather in nursery colonies; winter habits undetermined, but may hibernate in the Trans-Pecos; opportunistic insectivore"
Mammals,Oryzomys couesi,Coues' rice rat,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5,S2,No,"Cattail-bulrush marsh with shallower zone of aquatic grasses (Echinochloa, Panicum, Paspalidium) near the shoreline; shade trees around the shoreline are important features. Freshwater marshes."
Mammals,Oryzomys couesi aquaticus,Coues' rice rat,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G5T2T4,S2,No,"Cattail-bulrush marsh with shallower zone of aquatic grasses near the shoreline; shade trees around the shoreline are important features; prefers salt and freshwater, as well as grassy areas near water; breeds April-August"
Mammals,Ovis canadensis,mountain sheep,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S2,No,"Sparsely vegetated, rough, rocky, mountainous terrain."
Mammals,Parastrellus hesperus,western pipistrelle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3S4,No,Desert to pine-oak woodland. Cliffs and rock crevices provide roosts.
Mammals,Perimyotis subflavus,tricolored bat,PE,2022-09-14,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,"Forest, woodland and riparian areas are important. Caves are very important to this species."
Mammals,Peromyscus truei comanche,Palo Duro mouse,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5T2,S2,Yes,"Rocky, juniper-mesquite-covered slopes of steep-walled canyons on the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado. Also described as - escarpment of the Llano Estacado; rocky slopes with juniper, brush, and shortgrasses; primarily nocturnal."
Mammals,Puma concolor,mountain lion,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2S3,No,Generalist; found in a wide range of habitats statewide. Found most frequently in rugged mountains &amp; riparian zones.
Mammals,Sigmodon fulviventer,tawny-bellied cotton rat,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G5,S1,No,Known in Texas from a single location in the Trans-Pecos. Insufficient information to determine habitat preferences.
Mammals,Spilogale interrupta,plains spotted skunk,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1S3,No,"Generalist; open fields, prairies, croplands, fence rows, farmyards, forest edges, and woodlands; prefers wooded, brushy areas and tallgrass prairie"
Mammals,Spilogale putorius,eastern spotted skunk,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S1S3,No,"Generalist; open fields prairies, croplands, fence rows, farmyards, forest edges &amp; woodlands. Prefer wooded, brushy areas &amp; tallgrass prairies. S.p. ssp. interrupta found in wooded areas and tallgrass prairies, preferring rocky canyons and outcrops when such sites are available."
Mammals,Sylvilagus robustus,Davis Mountains cottontail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S3,No,"Primarily limited to the Davis Mountains in the Trans Pecos . Brushy pastures, brushy edges of cultivated fields, and well-drained streamsides; active mostly at twilight and at night, where they may forage in a variety of habitats, including open pastures, meadows, or even lawns; rest during daytime in thickets or in underground burrows and small culverts; feed on grasses, forbs, twigs and bark; not sociable and seldom seen feeding together"
Mammals,Tamias canipes,gray-footed chipmunk,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S2S3,No,"High elevation (1800-2500 meters) forest-dwelling chipmunk occurring in dense stands of mixed timber and on brushy hillsides with rock crevices or downed logs along forest edges.  Occurs in Texas only in the Sierra Diablo and Guadalupe Mountains in the Trans-Pecos; favorite habitat is downed logs near edges of clearings; also occur in dense stands of mixed timber (oaks, pines, firs) and on brushy hillsides, especially with rock crevices."
Mammals,Thomomys bottae guadalupensis,Guadalupe southern pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,No,"Known from Guadalupe Mountains; habitat variable, ranging from loose sands and silts to tight clays; dry deserts to montane meadows; active year round, mostly underground; diet variable, but mostly roots and tubers; breeds continuously, but main season in spring"
Mammals,Thomomys bottae limpiae,Limpia southern pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,Yes,"Limpia Canyon area of Davis Mountains; habitat variable, ranging from loose sands and silts to tight clays; active year round, mostly underground; diet variable, but mostly roots and tubers; breeds continuously, but main season in spring"
Mammals,Thomomys bottae texensis,Limpia Creek pocket gopher,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,Yes,"Throughout Davis Mountains; habitat variable, ranging from lower canyons to higher coniferous woodlands; loose sands and silts to tight clays; dry deserts to montane meadows; active year round, mostly underground; diet variable, but mostly roots and tubers; breeds continuously, but main season in spring"
Mammals,Ursus americanus,black bear,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G5,S3,No,"Generalist. Historically found throughout Texas. In Chisos, prefers higher elevations where pinyon-oaks predominate; also occasionally sighted in desert scrub of Trans-Pecos (Black Gap Wildlife Management Area) and Edwards Plateau in juniper-oak habitat. For ssp. luteolus, bottomland hardwoods, floodplain forests, upland hardwoods with mixed pine; marsh. Bottomland hardwoods and large tracts of inaccessible forested areas."
Mammals,Ursus americanus luteolus,Louisiana black bear,DL,2016-03-11,T,1997-01-30,G5T2,SNA,No,"Bottomland hardwoods, floodplain forests, upland hardwoods with mixed pine; marsh. Possible as transient; bottomland hardwoods and large tracts of inaccessible forested areas."
Mammals,Vulpes velox,swift fox,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1?,No,Restricted to current and historic shortgrass prairie. Open deserts or grasslands; sparsely vegetated habitats; western and northern portions of Panhandle.
Mammals - Marine,Balaenoptera acutorostrata,minke whale,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Balaenoptera borealis,sei whale,E,2020-03-30,E,2020-03-30,G5?,SNR,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Balaenoptera edeni brydei,Bryde's whale,Not Listed,,E,2020-03-27,GNR,SNR,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Balaenoptera musculus,blue whale,E,1970-06-02,E,2020-03-30,G3G4,SH,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, temperate, and subpolar waters worldwide, but are infrequently sighted in the Gulf of Mexico. They migrate seasonally between summer feeding grounds and winter breeeding grounds, but specifics vary. Commonly observed at the surface in open ocean."
Mammals - Marine,Balaenoptera physalus,finback whale,E,1970-06-02,E,1975-05-15,G3G4,S1,No,"Inhabit tropical, subtropical, temperate, and subpolar waters worldwide, but are less common in the tropics preferring cooler water. Commonly found in deep, offshore waters and migrate in the open ocean from the poles (feeding grounds) to warmer waters in the winter to give birth. They feed on krill, squid, and small schooling fish sometimes with other baleen whale species. They are very rare in the Gulf of Mexico and reported sightings are likely vagrants (Witt et al. 2011)."
Mammals - Marine,Balaenoptera ricei,Rice's whale,E,2019-04-15,E,2019-04-15,G1,SNR,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Eubalaena glacialis,North Atlantic right whale,E,1970-06-02,E,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,"Inhabits subtropical and temperate waters in the northern Atlantic. Commonly found in coastal waters or clsoe to the continental shelf near the surface. They migrate from feeding grounds in cooler waters (Canada and New England) to warmer waters of the southeast US (South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida) to give birth in the fall/winter - both areas are identified as critical habitat by NOAA-NMFS. Nursery areas are in shallow, coastal waters. This species is very rare in the Gulf of Mexico and the few reported sightings are likely vagrants (Ward-Geiger etal 2011)."
Mammals - Marine,Feresa attenuata,pygmy killer whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabit tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Commonly found in deeper, offshore waters where they dive for their prey (squids and fishes), but may occassionally occur close to shore. They are very rare and migration patterns are unknown."
Mammals - Marine,Globicephala macrorhynchus,short-finned pilot whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S1,No,"Inhabit tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters worldwide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Commonly found in deeper waters (&gt;1,000 feet) and continental shelf where they make deep dives to capture squid, but may come closer to shore. Migration patterns unknown."
Mammals - Marine,Kogia breviceps,pygmy sperm whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters world wide. Commonly found in deep water over the continental slope and rarely seen at the surface. Dives to great depths (over 1,000 feet) to hunt for squid, fish, and crustaceans.Migration patterns are unknown."
Mammals - Marine,Kogia simus,dwarf sperm whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabits tropical and temperate waters world wide, Commonly found in deep waters near the continental shelf and rarely seen at the surface, but may be more coastal than the pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps). Dives to great depths (1,000 feet) to hunt for squid, fish, and crustaceans. Migration patterns are unknown."
Mammals - Marine,Megaptera novaeangliae,humpback whale,E,1970-06-02,Not Listed,,G4,SNR,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, temperate, and subpolar waters world wide. Migrate up to 5,000 miles between colder water (feeding grounds) and warmer water (calving grounds) each year. They will use both open ocean and coastal waters, sometimes including inshore areas such as bays, and are often found near the surface; however, this species is rare in the Gulf of Mexico. The northwest Atlantic/Gulf of Mexico distinct population segment is not considered at risk of extinction and is not listed as Endangered on the Endangered Species Act."
Mammals - Marine,Mesoplodon densirostris,Blainville's beaked whale,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S1,No,Not applicable.
Mammals - Marine,Mesoplodon europaeus,Gervais's beaked whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabit tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters of the northern Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean. Commonly found in deep water and open ocean where they prey upon squids. They are difficult to distinguish from others in their family (Mesoplodon) and are cryptic and skittish, but the most commonly stranded species on the US southeastern coast. Migration patterns are unknown."
Mammals - Marine,Orcinus orca,killer whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4G5,S1,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, temperate, and polar waters world wide. In the Gulf of Mexico, they are commonly found in oceanic waters ranging from 256-2,652 meters deep beyond the 1,000 meter isobath and a very rarely found over the continental shelf and may be entirely absent from nearshore waters. May come in contact with pelagic longline fisheries targeting tunas and billfishes."
Mammals - Marine,Physeter macrocephalus,sperm whale,E,1970-06-02,E,2020-03-30,G3G4,S1,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters world wide, avoiding icey waters. Distribution is highly dependent on their food source (squids, sharks, skates, and fish), breeding, and composition of the pod. In general, this species migrates from north to south in the winter and south to north in the summer; however, individuals in tropical and temperate waters don't seem to migrate at all. Routinely dive to catch their prey (2,000-10,000 feet) and generally occupies water at least 3,300 feet deep near ocean trenches."
Mammals - Marine,Pseudorca crassidens,false killer whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabit tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters world wide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Commonly found in deep, offshore waters deeper than 3,300 feet, making dives of up to 2,000 meters to catch their prey (fishes and squids). Gulf of Mexico distinct population segment is not well studied."
Mammals - Marine,Stenella clymene,clymene dolphin,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Stenella frontalis,Atlantic spotted dolphin,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S1,No,"Inhabit warm tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters throughout the Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico. Commonly found along the continental shelf and coastal waters that are 65-820 feet deep, usually inside or near 185 m contour (within 250-350 km of coast); occassionally found in deeper waters. Often dive to 30-200 feet preying upon fish, invertebrates, and cephalopods."
Mammals - Marine,Stenella longirostris,spinner dolphin,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S1,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Steno bredanensis,roughtoothed dolphin,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters worldwide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Records in Texas are only known from strandings. Commonly found in deep, oceanic water over 1,500-2,000 meters deep and ranging in temperature from 17-25 degrees Celsius. May associate with other cetaceans. Prey on squids and fish. No known migration patterns."
Mammals - Marine,Trichechus manatus,West Indian manatee,T,2017-05-05,T,2020-03-30,G2G3,S3,No,"Large rivers, brackish water bays, coastal waters. Warm waters of the tropics, in rivers and brackish bays but may also survive in salt water habitats. Very sensitive to cold water temperatures. Rarely occurring as far north as Texas. Gulf and bay system; opportunistic, aquatic herbivore."
Mammals - Marine,Tursiops truncatus,Atlantic bottlenose dolphin,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Mammals - Marine,Ziphius cavirostris,Cuvier's beaked whale,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S1,No,"Inhabit tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters world wide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Commonly found in water over 3,300 feet deep near the continetal shelf near steep slopes or canyons, avoiding coastal areas. Mostly pelagic apparently confined by the 1,00 meter bthymetric contour. frequenly make deep dives to capture prey (squids and fishes)."
Plants,Abronia ameliae,Amelia's sand-verbena,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Endemic to South Texas; Occurs on deep, well-drained sandy soils of the South Texas Sand Sheet in grassy and/or herbaceous dominated openings within coastal live oak woodlands or mesquite-coastal live oak woodlands. Perennial; Flowering Mar-June"
Plants,Abronia macrocarpa,large-fruited sand-verbena,E,1988-09-28,E,1988-12-30,G2?,S2?,Yes,"Restricted to sparse herbaceous vegetation in deep, somewhat excessively drained sands in openings in Post oak woodlands, sometimes in active blowouts; all known sites underlain by sandy Eocene strata; Perennial; Flowering late February-May (-June; also in the fall following periods of high rainfall)"
Plants,Achnatherum curvifolium,Guadalupe needlegrass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Usually in rocky limestone areas in the Guadalupe, Delaware, and Dead Horse Mountains (Carr 2015)."
Plants,Acleisanthes acutifolia,Havard trumpets,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,In xeric limestone or gypseous habitats; Perennial; Flowering July-Sept  
Plants,Acleisanthes crassifolia,Texas trumpets,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Shallow, well-drained, calcareous, gravelly loams over caliche on gentle to moderate slopes, often in sparsely vegetated openings in cenizo (Leucophyllum frutescens) shrublands; known populations occur on Austin Chalk (Cretaceous) or Uvalde Gravel (Pleistocene); Perennial; Flowering March-November; Fruiting April-December"
Plants,Acleisanthes parvifolia,littleleaf moonpod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Found on xeric clay or shale exposures; Perennial; Flowering April-Sept; Fruiting June-Sept  
Plants,Acleisanthes wrightii,Wright's trumpets,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Open semi-desert grasslands and shrublands on shallow stony soils over limestone on low hills and flats; Perennial; Flowering spring-fall, probably also in response to rains"
Plants,Adelia vaseyi,Vasey's adelia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Mostly subtropical evergreen/deciduous woodlands on loamy soils of Rio Grande Delta, but occassionally in shrublands on more xeric sandy to gravelly upland sites; Perennial; Flowering January-June"
Plants,Agalinis auriculata,earleaf false foxglove,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,SH,No,"Known in Texas from one late nineteenth century specimen record labeled -Benbrook-; in Oklahoma, degraded prairies, floodplains, fallow fields, and borders of upland sterile woods; in Arkansas, blackland prairie; Annual; Flowering August - October"
Plants,Agalinis calycina,Leoncita false-foxglove,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,"Grasslands on perennially moist, heavy, alkaline/saline, calcareous silty clays and loams in and around cienegas (desert springs) and seeps; Annual; Flowering September-October"
Plants,Agalinis densiflora,Osage Plains false foxglove,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Most records are from grasslands on shallow, gravelly, well drained, calcareous soils; Prairies, dry limestone soils; Annual; Flowering Aug-Oct"
Plants,Agalinis navasotensis,Navasota false foxglove,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Relatively sparsely vegetated, shallow, sandy soils on calcareous sandstone outcrops of the Oakville Formation, with associated surrounding species more typical of Edwards Plateau, than Post Oak Savanna or Blackland Prairie; also, Catahoula Formation barrens in pine savanna; Annual; Flowering September-October"
Plants,Agrimonia incisa,incised groovebur,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Sandy soils in dry to mesic pine or mixed pine-oak forests and forest borders; usually in fire-maintained longleaf pine savannas but also in more mesic habitats; Perennial; Flowering July-September
Plants,Allium canadense var. ecristatum,crestless onion,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,Occurs on poorly drained sites on sandy substrates within coastal prairies of the Coastal Bend area (Carr 2015).
Plants,Allium elmendorfii,Elmendorf's onion,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Grassland openings in oak woodlands on deep, loose, well-drained sands; in Coastal Bend, on Pleistocene barrier island ridges and Holocene Sand Sheet that support live oak woodlands; to the north it occurs in post oak-black hickory-live oak woodlands over Queen City and similar Eocene formations; one anomalous specimen found on Llano Uplift in wet pockets of granitic loam; Perennial; Flowering March-April, May"
Plants,Allolepis texana,Texas false saltgrass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Sandy to silty soils of valley bottoms and river floodplains, not generally on alkaline or saline sites; Perennial; Flowering (May-) July-October depending on rainfall"
Plants,Ambrosia cheiranthifolia,South Texas ambrosia,E,1994-08-24,E,1997-01-30,G1,S1,No,"Grasslands and mesquite-dominated shrublands on various soils ranging from heavy clays to lighter textured sandy loams, mostly over the Beaumont Formation on the Coastal Plain; in modified unplowed sites such as railroad and highyway right-of-ways, cemeteries, mowed fields, erosional areas along small creeks; Perennial; Flowering July-November"
Plants,Ammannia grayi,longstalk heimia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,"Moist or subirrigated alkaline or gypsiferous clayey soils along unshaded margins of cienegas and other wetlands; occurs sparingly on an alkaline, somewhat saline silt loam on terraces of spring-fed streams in grassland; also occurs common in moderately alkaline clay along perennial stream and in subirrigated wetlands atop poorly-defined spring system; also occurs in low, wetland area along highway right-of-way; flowering May-September"
Plants,Amorpha laevigata,smooth indigobush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3?,S1,No,"Prairies, open woods and creek banks; Perennial; Flowering May-July"
Plants,Amorpha paniculata,panicled indigobush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"A stout shrub, 3 m (9 ft) tall that grows in acid seep forests, peat bogs, wet floodplain forests, and seasonal wetlands on the edge of Saline Prairies in East Texas. It is distinguished from other Amorpha species by its fuzzy leaflets with prominent raised veins underneath, and the flower panicles, which are 8 to 16 inches long and slender, held above the foliage. Perennial; Flowering May-August."
Plants,Amorpha roemeriana,Texas amorpha,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Juniper-oak woodlands or shrublands on rocky limestone slopes, sometimes on dry shelves above creeks;  Perennial; Flowering May-June; Fruiting June-Oct  "
Plants,Amsonia tharpii,Tharp's blue-star,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Open areas in midgrass grasslands or shrublands in shallow clay soils over limestone; Bedrock at Pecos County site is mapped as Cretaeous limestone and marl of Washita Group; soils very shallow, well-drained calcareous moderately alkaline, light brownish-gray stony loam of Lozier-Rock outcrop, developed over fractured caliche-coated limestone; New Mexico site differs; Perennial; Flowering April-early May"
Plants,Anulocaulis leiosolenus var. lasianthus,Chihuahuan ringstem,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T2,S2,No,Xeric gypseous clay or limestone outcrops and flats; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting Sept
Plants,Anulocaulis reflexus,Ojinaga ringstem,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,Primarily located on shaley gypseous clays at 800 - 1200 m (2600-4000 ft); Perennial; Flowering mid-May - mid-October
Plants,Aquilegia chaplinei,Guadalupe Mountains columbine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,Perennially moist to wet limestone canyon walls; moist leaf litter and humus among boulders in wooded mesic canyons; Perennial; Flowering April-November (most reliably June-July)
Plants,Aquilegia hinckleyana,Hinckley's columbine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,Yes,"Wet areas near waterfalls, perennial seeps, springs, etc., in canyons of desert mountains; also widely-planted in residential settings, cultivars likely modified from original population from 30 years cultivation in horticultural trade; Perennial; Flowering March-November, heavily during March-April with trace flowering September-November"
Plants,Aquilegia longissima,long-spurred columbine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Cooler, wetter areas near perennial seeps and springs in mesic mountain canyons; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting June-Nov"
Plants,Arenaria livermorensis,Livermore sandwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Sparsely vegetated igneous rock outcrops at higher elevations, 2300-2500 m (7600-8200 ft) in the Davis Mountains; Perennial; Flowering August-October"
Plants,Argythamnia aphoroides,Hill Country wild-mercury,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Mostly in bluestem-grama grasslands associated with plateau live oak woodlands on shallow to moderately deep clays and clay loams over limestone on rolling uplands, also in partial shade of oak-juniper woodlands in gravelly soils on rocky limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering April-May with fruit persisting until midsummer"
Plants,Argythamnia argyraea,silvery wild-mercury,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Among shortgrasses in grasslands or open shrublands on which whitish clay soils, particularly those derived from the Yegua Formation; Perennial; Flowering April-June; fruit may persist until fall"
Plants,Asclepias prostrata,prostrate milkweed,E,2023-03-30,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,No,"Grasslands or openings in shrublands on loamy fine sands and fine sandy loams of the Copita, Hebbronville, and possibly other soil series occurring over the Laredo, Yegua, and other Eocene formations; also in Loreto caliche sand plain in Tamaulipas; flowering April-October, but may be sporadic and dependent on rainfall"
Plants,Astragalus gypsodes,gyp locoweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Gypsum or stiff gypseous clay soils on low rolling hills, mostly low elevations in the middle Pecos River valley; many of the known locations are on the Castile Formation (Permian); flowering March-June"
Plants,Astragalus mollissimus var. coryi,Cory's woolly locoweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,Grasslands over limestone on the western Edwards Plateau; Perennial; Flowering March-May  
Plants,Astragalus mollissimus var. marcidus,withered woolly loco,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,Yes,"Short to midgrass grasslands and occasionally shrublands on gravelly and sometimes clayey soils in basins, flats, and slopes at mid to higher elevations among the mountains of the Trans-Pecos, usually on conglomerate or igneous substates; flowering April-July"
Plants,Astragalus reflexus,Texas milk vetch,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Grasslands, prairies, and roadsides on calcareous and clay substrates; Annual; Flowering Feb-June; Fruiting April-June"
Plants,Astragalus soxmaniorum,Soxman's milkvetch,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Primarily in deep sandy soils of sandhills, fallow fields, and open scrub oak-pine woodlands; Perennial; Flowering March-June; Fruiting April-June"
Plants,Astragalus waterfallii,Waterfall's milkvetch,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3?,S3,No,Rocky limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering Feb-May; Fruiting April- May  
Plants,Astragalus wrightii,Wright's milkvetch,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,On sandy or gravelly soils; Flowering/fruiting: April and May
Plants,Astrophytum asterias,star cactus,E,1993-10-18,E,1997-01-30,G1G2,S1,No,"Gravelly clays or loams, possibly of the Catarina Series (deep, droughty, saline clays), over the Catahoula and Frio formations, on gentle slopes and flats in sparsely vegetated openings between shrub thickets within mesquite grasslands or mesquite-blackbrush thorn shrublands; plants sink into or below ground during dry periods; flowering from mid March-May, may also flower in warmer months after sufficient rainfall, flowers most reliably in early April; fruiting mid April-June"
Plants,Atriplex klebergorum,Kleberg saltbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Usually occurs in sparsely vegetated saline areas, including flats and draws; in light sandy or clayey loam soils with other halophytes; occasionally observed on scraped oil pad sites; observed flowering in late August-early September, but may vary with rainfall, fruits are usually present in fall; because of its annual nature, populations fluctuate widely from year to year "
Plants,Ayenia limitaris,Texas ayenia,E,1994-08-24,E,1997-01-30,G2,S1,No,"Subtropical thorn woodland or tall shrubland on loamy soils of the Rio Grande Delta; known site soils include well-drained, calcareous, sandy clay loam (Hidalgo Series) and neutral to moderately alkaline, fine sandy loam (Willacy Series); also under or among taller shrubs in thorn woodland/thorn shrubland; flowering throughout the year with sufficient rainfall"
Plants,Bartonia paniculata ssp. texana,Texas screwstem,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,No,"In and around acid seeps in Pine-Oak forests on gentle slopes and baygall shrub thickets at spring heads; often on clumps of bryophytes at tree bases, on roots, and on logs; flowering September-November, can be identified in mid to late October when its in fruit"
Plants,Batesimalva violacea,purple gay-mallow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Among boulders in seasonally moist igneous rock canyons, often under small trees and large shrubs; habitat in Mexico dry deciduous forest and matorral; flowering/fruiting at least October-November in Big Bend National Park, possibly throughout the year in Mexico"
Plants,Bauhinia lunarioides,Anacacho orchid tree,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Shrublands in draws on rocky limestone slopes and on limestone ledges along rivers; Perennial; Flowering March-Dec; Fruiting May-Oct  
Plants,Berberis swaseyi,Texas barberry,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Shallow calcareous stony clay of upland grasslands/shrublands over limestone as well as in loamier soils in openly wooded canyons and on creek terraces; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting March-June
Plants,Blepharidachne bigelovii,Bigelow's desert grass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Restricted to xeric limestone or various gypsum-influenced habitats; Perennial; Flowering March-Dec; Fruiting March-Dec  
Plants,Bonamia ovalifolia,bigpod bonamia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Sandy and/or gravelly soils on rocky uplands, slopes, or drainages in Chihuahuan Desert shrublands; on the steep sand covered rocky slopes on the east side of Big Bend National Park; several widely separated populations in different habitats; flowering May-November"
Plants,Bouteloua kayi,Kay's grama,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Gravelly soils on desert flats and on limestone ledges along bluffs; flowering May-November
Plants,Brazoria arenaria,sand Brazos mint,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Sandy areas in South Texas; Annual; Flowering/Fruiting March-April 
Plants,Brazoria enquistii,Enquist's sandmint,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Primarily on sand banks in and along beds of streams that drain granitic or gneissic landscapes; flowering/fruiting April-June
Plants,Brazoria truncata var. pulcherrima,Centerville Brazos-mint,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,Yes,Open areas on deep loose sands in the post oak belt; Annual; Flowering Apr-May; Fruiting May-June
Plants,Brickellia baccharidea,resin-leaf brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Mixed desert shrublands on bajada slopes and in arroyos on sandy or gravelly soils derived from limestone, but also known from igneous substrates; flowering September-April"
Plants,Brickellia dentata,gravelbar brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,Essentially restricted to frequently-scoured gravelly alluvial beds in creek and river bottoms; Perennial; Flowering June-Nov; Fruiting June-Oct  
Plants,Brickellia eupatorioides var. gracillima,narrowleaf brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,Moist to dry gravelly alluvial soils along riverbanks but also on limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-Nov
Plants,Brickellia hinckleyi var. hinckleyi,Hinckley's brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T2,S2,Yes,"Mixed woodlands or forests on rocky slopes in higher elevation mountain canyons; most specimens are from canyons on the north flank of Mt. Livermore in the Davis Mountains, where substrates are igneous; flowering July-October"
Plants,Brickellia hinckleyi var. terlinguensis,Terlingua brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2TH,SH,Yes,Various situations in Chihuahuan Desert; perhaps at lower elevations than var. hinckleyi; found on slope in the Chisos Mountains and along creek bottom; flowering July-October?
Plants,Brickellia parvula,Mt. Davis brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Occurs on rocky slopes and ridges in the mountains of the southwestern U.S. at elevations between 1200 and 2100 m; Perennial; Flowering Aug-Sept; Fruiting Sept-Oct  
Plants,Brongniartia minutifolia,little-leaf brongniartia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Chihuahuan Desert shrublands at lower elevations 600-1400 m (1950-5000 ft), in blackish sand, gravel, volcanic ash and other substrates, often in or along arroyos or shallow drainages; flowering May-August (-December in Mexico)"
Plants,Caesalpinia phyllanthoides,South Texas rushpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2?,S1,No,"Tamaulipan thorn shrublands or grasslands on very shallow sandy to clayey soils over calcareous sandstone and caliche; flowering in spring, sometimes later in growing season, perhaps in response to rainfall "
Plants,Calliandra biflora,two-flower stick-pea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,primarily in open areas on caliche outcrops or in shallow sandy soils over caliche; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting May-Aug  
Plants,Callirhoe scabriuscula,Texas poppy-mallow,E,1981-01-13,E,1983-04-29,G2,S2,Yes,"Grasslands and open oak shrublands or mesquite woodlands on deep, loose sands (Tivoli Series) of ancient and contemporary Colorado River terraces; flowering (April-) May-June; in late July the plants die back to the taproots, in late August-September basal rosettes form, in April the flowering stems bolt"
Plants,Calopogon oklahomensis,Oklahoma grass pink,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1S2,No,"Mesic, acidic, sandy to loamy prairies, pine savannas, oak woodlands, edges of bogs, and frequently mowed meadows (Goldman, Magrath & Catling 2002). Flowering March-July."
Plants,Campanula reverchonii,basin bellflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Among scattered vegetation on loose gravel, gravelly sand, and rock outcrops on open slopes with exposures of igneous and metamorphic rocks; may also occur on sandbars and other alluvial deposits along major rivers; flowering May-July"
Plants,Cardamine macrocarpa var. texana,Texas largeseed bittercress,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,No,"Seasonally moist, loamy soils in pine-oak woodlands at high elevations in the Chisos and Davis mountains; also moderate elevations in oak-juniper woodlands in Kinney and Uvalde counties; flowering in early spring and usually withering by the beginning of summer, sometimes persisting and flowering intermittently through autumn depending on rainfall"
Plants,Cardiospermum dissectum,Chihuahua balloon-vine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Thorn shrublands or low woodlands on well to excessively well drained, calcareous, sandy to  gravelly soils in drier uplands of the Lower Rio Grande Valley, in areas underlain by the Goliad formation, Catahoula and Frio formations undivided, Jackson Group, and other Eocene formations; during drought conditions the normally inconspicuous slender twining vine turns a more conspicuous deep reddish-purple; flowering (April-) July-September, probably throughout the growing season in response to rainfall."
Plants,Carex decomposita,cypress knee sedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S1,No,Occurs in shallow water or on baldcypress stumps and logs in wooded ponds or swamps; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-May  
Plants,Carex edwardsiana,canyon sedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,"Dry-mesic decidous and deciduous-juniper woodlands in canyons and ravines, usually in clay loams very high in calcium on rocky banks and slopes just above streams and stream beds. Carex edwardsiana usually grows near C. planostachys. Fruiting spring (Ball, Reznicek, and 2003)."
Plants,Carex mckittrickensis,Guadalupe Mountains sedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Only known from the Guadalupe Mountains (Carr 2015).
Plants,Carex shinnersii,Shinner's sedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Occurs in ditches and swales in prairie landscapes (Carr 2015).
Plants,Chaetopappa hersheyi,mat leastdaisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Dry limestone cliffs (often steep or vertical), ledges, boulders, and other exposed Permian limestone surfaces at 1,500-2,400 m (4,900-7,900 ft) in higher mountain canyons of the Guadalupe Mountains; flowering May-August"
Plants,Chaetopappa imberbis,awnless leastdaisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"In woodlands on loams of Carrizo sand (TEX-LL specimens Carr 23875, 12507). Flowering and fruiting during Mar - May."
Plants,Chaetopappa parryi,Parry's leastdaisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Rocky slopes, talus, crevices, chaparral, oak, oak-juniper, or oak-pine-fir woods, 1400-1600 m elevation; Perennial; Flowering May-Aug, Fruiting Aug; Flowering May-Sept (-Oct)  "
Plants,Chloris texensis,Texas windmill grass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Sandy to sandy loam soils in relatively bare areas in coastal prairie grassland remnants, often on roadsides where regular mowing may mimic natural prairie fire regimes; flowering in fall"
Plants,Chrysothamnus spathulatus,Douglas rabbitbrush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Occurs in the Guadalupe Mountains of Tex. and adjacent N.M. at 0-6000 feet; Perennial; Fruiting Aug-Nov
Plants,Cirsium turneri,cliff thistle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Found mostly in fractures of vertical limestone cliff-faces in canyons along the Rio Grande; Perennial; Flowering April-Dec; Fruiting June-Oct  
Plants,Cirsium wrightii,Wright's marsh thistle,T,2023-05-25,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,Marshy wetlands (cienegas) near springs in otherwise semi-arid to arid areas. It requires saturated soils with surface or subsurface water flow (USFWS 2015).
Plants,Clematis carrizoensis,Carrizo Sands leather-flower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Occurs in the margins of post oak woodlands on deep sands of Carrizo formation (Carr 2015). Flowering April-August (sometimes as late as October).
Plants,Clematis texensis,scarlet leather-flower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,Usually in oak-juniper woodlands in mesic rocky limestone canyons or along perennial streams; Perennial; Flowering March-July; Fruiting May-July
Plants,Cleomella longipes,stalked rhombopod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Locally common in sparingly vegetated sandy or alkaline soils and along margins of seasonal wetlands in the Trans-Pecos (Carr 2015).
Plants,Colubrina stricta,Comal snakewood,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"In El Paso County, found in a patch of thorny shrubs in colluvial deposits and sandy soils at the base of an igneous rock outcrop; the historic Comal County record does not describe the habitat; in Mexico ,found in shrublands on calcareous, gravelly, clay soils with woody associates; flowering late spring or early summer"
Plants,Coreopsis intermedia,goldenwave tickseed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,In deep sandy soils of sandhills in openings in or along margins of post oak woodlands and pine-oak forests of east Texas; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting May-Aug  
Plants,Coryphantha macromeris var. runyonii,Runyon's cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2T3,S2S3,No,"Gravelly to sandy or clayey, calcareous, sometimes gypsiferous or saline soils, often over the Catahoula and Frio formations, on gentle hills and slopes to the flats between, at elevations ranging from 10 to 150 m (30 to 500 ft); ?late spring or early summer, November, fruit has been collected in August"
Plants,Coryphantha nickelsiae,Nickels' cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,SH,No,Limestone outcrops and nearby alluvial or gravelly soils on hills or plains in grasslands or shrublands at low elevations; known sites in Mexico have been described as Chihuahuan Desert scrub; flowering August through September
Plants,Coryphantha ramillosa ssp. ramillosa,bunched cory cactus,T,1979-11-06,T,2005-04-01,G2G3T2T3,S2S3,No,"Rocky slopes, ledges, and flats in the Chihuahuan Desert, most frequently on exposures of Santa Elena or Buda limestones or the Boquillas Formation between 400-1070 m (1300-3500 ft) in elevation; flowering August-November, perhaps as early as April in response to rainfall."
Plants,Coryphantha scheeri var. uncinata,Scheer's cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4TUQ,S2,No,Rocky hillsides (Carr 2015).
Plants,Crataegus mollis var. viburnifolia,sawtooth hawthorn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Rich alluvial soil, brushy habitats (Phipps 2015); Borders of woods and low ground (Correll and Johnston 1970); Flowering Mar; fruiting Sep�Oct."
Plants,Crataegus nananixonii,Nixon's dwarf hawthorn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Found in open upland post oak-bluejack oak, scrubby woodland,  or shortleaf pine-oak woodland on the Carrizo Sands and other formations. "
Plants,Crataegus turnerorum,Turner's hawthorn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Brush, dwarf oak scrub, stream banks, 300-600 m elevation; Perennial; Flowering April-June; Fruiting April-Sept  "
Plants,Crataegus viridis var. glabriuscula,green hawthorn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3T4,S3,No,"In mesic soils of woods or on edge of woods, treeline/fenceline, or thicket. Above\near creeks and draws, in river bottoms. Flowering Mar-Apr; fruiting May-Oct."
Plants,Croton alabamensis var. texensis,Texabama croton,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,Yes,"In duff-covered loamy clay soils on rocky slopes in forested, mesic limestone canyons; locally abundant on deeper soils on small terraces in canyon bottoms, often forming large colonies and dominating the shrub layer; scattered individuals are occasionally on sunny margins of such forests; also found in contrasting habitat of deep, friable soils of limestone uplands, mostly in the shade of evergreen woodland mottes; flowering late February-March; fruit maturing and dehiscing by early June"
Plants,Croton coryi,Cory's croton,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Grasslands and woodland openings on barrier islands and coastal sands of South Texas, inland on South Texas Sand Sheet; Annual; Flowering July-Oct; Fruiting July-Nov"
Plants,Croton pottsii var. thermophilus,leatherweed croton,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,S1,No,"Sparingly vegetated desert grasslands on extremely xeric sites at low elevations (500-800 m [1650-2640 ft), on substrates ranging from sand to limestone and basalt; flowering spring-fall"
Plants,Croton suaveolens,scented croton,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Grasslands at middle elevations in mountains; Perennial; Flowering April-Nov; Fruiting June-Nov  
Plants,Cryptantha paysonii,Payson's hiddenflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Rocky limestone slopes in mountains; Perennial; Flowering May; Fruiting May-June  
Plants,Cuscuta attenuata,marsh-elder dodder,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G3,S2,No,"Parasitizes a particular sumpweed (Iva annua) almost exclusively as well as ragweed and heath aster. Host plants typically found in open, disturbed habitats like fallow fields and creek bottomlands; Annual; Flowering late summer through October"
Plants,Cuscuta exaltata,tree dodder,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Parasitic on various Quercus, Juglans, Rhus, Vitis, Ulmus, and Diospyros species as well as Acacia berlandieri and other woody plants; Annual; Flowering May-Oct; Fruiting July-Oct"
Plants,Cyperus cephalanthus,giant sharpstem umbrella-sedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3?Q,S1,No,"In Texas on saturated, fine sandy loam soils, along nearly level fringes of deep prairie depressions; also in depressional area within coastal prairie remnant on heavy black clay; in Louisiana, most sites are coastal prairie on poorly drained sites, some on slightly elevated areas surrounded by standing shallow water, and on moderately drained sites; soils include very strongly acid to moderately alkaline silt loams and silty clay loams; flowering/fruiting May-June, August-September, and possibly other times in response to rainfall"
Plants,Cyperus grayoides,Mohlenbrock's sedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,No,"Deep sand and sandy loam in dry, almost barren openings in upland longleaf pine savannas, mixed pine-oak forests, and post oak woodlands; Occurs primarily in deep, periodically disturbed sandy soils in open areas maintained by factors such as wind, erosion, or fire. This species does not occur in shaded areas or in areas of high competition with other herbaceous species. Habitats include remnant sand prairies, sandy fields, sand blow outs, sandhill woodlands, pine barrens, and open barrens in which the slope is sufficient to produce sand erosion. May also occur in areas where the soils have been disturbed by logging or road construction; Perennial"
Plants,Cyperus onerosus,dune umbrella-sedge,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G2,S2,Yes,Moist to wet sand in swales and other depressions among active or partially stabilized sand dunes; flowering/fruiting late summer-fall
Plants,Cypripedium kentuckiense,Southern lady's-slipper,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Primarily restricted to calciphilic hardwood slope forests, mesic ravines, hardwood terraces above floodplains, and seepage slopes; flowering late March-May"
Plants,Dalea austrotexana,dune dalea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Restricted to deep loose sands of active and somewhat stabilized dunes in South Texas (Carr 2015).
Plants,Dalea bartonii,Cox's dalea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Semi-desert shortgrass grasslands with scattered pinyon pine and juniper in gravelly soils on limestone hills; probably flowering in late spring, fruiting in late summer-early fall, may flower in response to rainfall"
Plants,Dalea hallii,Hall's prairie clover,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,In grasslands on eroded limestone or chalk and in oak scrub on rocky hillsides; Perennial; Flowering May-Sept; Fruiting June-Sept
Plants,Dalea reverchonii,Comanche Peak prairie clover,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,"Shallow, calcareous clay to sandy clay soils over limestone in grasslands or openings in post oak woodlands, often among sparse vegetation in barren, exposed sites, most known sites are underlain by Goodland Limestone, most known sites are on roadway right-of-ways; flowering April-June, one account for October"
Plants,Dalea sabinalis,Sabinal prairie clover,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,Yes,"Information sketchy, but probably in rocky soils or on limestone outcrops in sparse grassland openings in juniper-oak woodlands; flowering April-May or May -June"
Plants,Dermatophyllum guadalupense,Guadalupe Mountains mescal bean,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"One-seeded juniper (Juniperus monosperma) shrublands on dry slopes above 1,500 m (4,900 ft) elevation in Guadalupe Mountains on slightly gypseous pink sandstone that occurs as lenses within the pervasive limestone of the region; flowering late March-late April or May"
Plants,Desmanthus reticulatus,net-leaf bundleflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Mostly on clay prairies of the coastal plain of central and south Texas; Perennial; Flowering April-July; Fruiting April-Oct
Plants,Desmodium lindheimeri,Lindheimer's tickseed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S1,No,"Known in Texas only from three locations; US habitat is uncertain; has been found along rocky bed of dry ravine and among brush on the banks, steep ravine banks, dry caliche flat roadsides, in shallow soil on outcrops; occurred in deep to partial shade and openings in live oak-juniper woodland associations on the Edwards Limestone; flowering August-October or November."
Plants,Donrichardsia macroneuron,South Llano springs moss,E,2023-05-30,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Shaded limestone rocks partially submerged in rapidly flowing relatively thermally constant water at a spring complex in a short 10 m (30 ft) run between the spring source and the river.
Plants,Draba standleyi,Standley's draba,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,No,Crevices in sparsely vegetated igneous boulders and rock outcrops at high elevations in pine-oak-juniper woodlands; flowering June-October
Plants,Echeandia chandleri,lila de los Llanos,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,No,"Most commonly encountered among shrubs or in grassy openings in subtropical thorn shrublands on somewhat saline clays of lomas along Gulf Coast near mouth of Rio Grande; also observed in a few upland coastal prairie remnants on clay soils over the Beaumont Formation at inland sites well to the north and along railroad right-of-ways and cemeteries; flowering (May-) September-December, fruiting October-December"
Plants,Echeandia texensis,Green Island echeandia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"On somewhat saline clays of lomas along the Gulf Coast near the mouth of Rio Grande, a habitat shared with E. chandleri; both species grow in areas dominated by herbaceous species with scattered brush and stunted trees, or in grassy openings in subtropical thorn shrublands; flowers April, June, and November, and likely in other months, as well"
Plants,Echinacea atrorubens,Topeka purple-coneflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Occurring mostly in tallgrass prairie of the southern Great Plains, in blackland prairies but also in a variety of other sites like limestone hillsides; Perennial; Flowering Apr-June"
Plants,Echinocereus chisosensis,Chisos Mountains hedgehog cactus,T,1988-09-30,T,1988-12-30,G2T1,S1,Yes,"Degraded desert grasslands or open shrublands on unconsolidated gravelly fan and terrace deposits on desert flats and low hills at moderate elevations of about 600-800 m (1950-2600 ft) in the Chihuahuan Desert, almost always found under the shelter of a nursery plant; flowering March-April, perhaps July, fruit maturing May-June, perhaps as late as August"
Plants,Echinocereus chloranthus var. neocapillus,golden-spine hedgehog cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T1,S1,Yes,Sparsely vegetated desert grasslands over novaculite outcrops; flowering late March-early May
Plants,Echinocereus coccineus var. paucispinus,Texas claret-cup cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,No,"Mountains, hills, and mesas, igneous and limestone, oak-juniper-pinyon woodland or juniper woodland on limestone mesas, mostly rocky habitats but also in alluvial basins, grasslands, or among mesquite or other shrubs. Flowering March - April (Powell and Weedin 2004)."
Plants,Echinocereus davisii,Davis' green pitaya,E,1979-11-07,E,1983-04-29,G5T1,S1,Yes,Novaculite outcrops in full sun among sparse Chihuahuan Desert scrub usually hidden in mats of Selaginella; flowering (February-) March-April
Plants,Echinocereus milleri,Miller's hedgehog cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Occurs on sandy-loam soils on rocky hills.
Plants,Echinocereus papillosus,yellow-flowered alicoche,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Under shrubs or in open areas on various substrates; Perennial; Flowering Jan-April.
Plants,Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albertii,black lace cactus,E,1979-10-26,E,1983-04-29,G5T1Q,S1,Yes,"Grasslands, thorn shrublands, mesquite woodlands on sandy, somewhat saline soils on coastal prairie, most frequently in naturally open areas sparsely covered with brush of a low stature not resulting from disturbance or along creeks in ecotonal areas between this upland type and lower areas dominated by halophytic grasses and forbs; flowering April-June"
Plants,Echinocereus reichenbachii var. baileyi,Bailey's hedgehog cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S1,No,Granitic hills in Great Plains Grassland (Benson 1982).
Plants,Echinocereus reichenbachii var. fitchii,Fitch's hedgehog cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,No,"Grasslands, thorn shrublands, and mesquite-acacia woodlands on sandy, possibly somewhat saline, soils on the coastal prairie. Within these communities, the plants may be most frequently found in open areas that are somewhat sparsely covered with brush of a low stature. Frequently grows at the ecotone where these upland areas meet lower areas dominated by halophytic grasses and forbs; Perennial"
Plants,Echinocereus viridiflorus var. canus,graybeard cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,S1,Yes,"Steep rubble of black Maravillas chert, near top of ridge"
Plants,Echinocereus viridiflorus var. correllii,Correll's green pitaya,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,Yes,Among grasses on rock crevices on low hills in desert or semi-desert grassland on novaculite or limestone; flowering March-May
Plants,Eleocharis austrotexana,South Texas spikesedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurring in miscellaneous wetlands at scattered locations on the coastal plain; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting Sept  
Plants,Eleocharis brachycarpa,short-fruited spikesedge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,No,"In Tamaulipas, at the edges of resacas; in Texas, single specimen collected between Matamoros and Nueces presumably in similar habitat; fruiting winter-spring"
Plants,Emorya suaveolens,Emory-bush ,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Known from several collections from limestone cliffs in Maravillas Canyon, Brewster County; Perennial; Flowering March-Nov  "
Plants,Encelia scaposa,one-head encelia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Occurs on open gravelly clay flats; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting March-Nov 
Plants,Ephedra coryi,Cory's ephedra,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Dune areas and dry grasslands in the southern Plains Country; Perennial; Flowering April-Sept; Fruiting May-Sept
Plants,Ephedra torreyana var. powelliorum,Powells' joint-fir,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5?T2,S1,No,Desert scrub on gravelly to fine grained gypseous soils; 850-1100 m (2789-3609 ft)
Plants,Epithelantha bokei,Boke's button cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,No,"Chihuahuan Desert on rocky, barren hills of sedimentary substrates; 700 (-1400) m elevation; Perennial; Flowering spring-early summer (May-Jun); Fruiting summer-fall  "
Plants,Ericameria nauseosa var. texensis,Guadalupe Mountains rabbitbrush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2T3,S1,No,"Crevices and solution pits in limestone ledges and boulders, less often in open gravel alluvium of streambeds at elevations between 1490 and 2150 m (4900 and 7050 ft); flowering September-November"
Plants,Eriocaulon koernickianum,small-headed pipewort,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G2,S1S2,No,"In East Texas, post-oak woodlands and xeric sandhill openings on permanently wet acid sands of upland seeps and hillside seepage bogs, usually in patches of bare sand rather than among dense vegetation or on muck; in Gillespie County, on permanently wet or moist  hillside seep on decomposing granite gravel and sand among granite outcrops; flowering/fruiting late May-late June"
Plants,Eriogonum correllii,Correll's wild-buckwheat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,"Occurs on clay mounds, caprock and rocky ledges on calcihe substrates."
Plants,Eriogonum greggii,Gregg's wild-buckwheat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Sparingly vegetated openings in thorn shrublands in shallow soils on xeric ridges along the Rio Grande; also on excessively drained, sandy soil over caliche and calcareous sandstone of the Goliad Formation and over sandstone or fossiliferous layers of the Jackson Group; flowering February-July, probably opportunistically during the growing season"
Plants,Eriogonum hemipterum var. hemipterum,Chisos Mountains wild-buckwheat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,Yes,Wooded slopes and canyons (Powell and Worthington 2018). July - September.
Plants,Eriogonum nealleyi,Irion County wild-buckwheat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Grasslands and shallow stony soils over limestone and indurated caliche, often collected from ungrazed but sparsely vegetated roadsides, particularly where limestone or caliche is exposed on hilltops; flowering June-September"
Plants,Eriogonum suffruticosum,bushy wild-buckwheat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Sparsely vegetated rocky limestone slopes, low hills, and clay flats; also on gypseous soils; flowering March-April, in full fruit by May"
Plants,Eriogonum tenellum var. ramosissimum,basin wild-buckwheat,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,"Usually rooted in crevices of sparsely vegetated, unshaded granite and gneiss outcrops or associated deposits of dry sand and gravel; Perennial; Flowering Apr-Dec"
Plants,Erythranthe chinatiensis,fringed monkeyflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"<span><span>Perennially wet areas near springs, on wet cliff faces at waterfalls, and in creekbeds, mostly in mountains of the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering (May-) June-August.</span></span>"
Plants,Escobaria albicolumnaria,white column cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,No,"Creosote bush or lechuguilla canyon shrublands primarily on nearly level terrain to rolling hills on thin, gravelly soils or limestone bedrock of the Santa Elena, Glen Rose, Boquillas, and Telephone Canyon formations; at lower elevations 550-1370 m (1800-5000 ft) in the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering early March-May"
Plants,Escobaria dasyacantha var. chaffeyi,Chaffey's cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T1,S1,No,Pine-oak-juniper woodlands on rocky igneous and limestone soils at 1425-2225 m (4675-7300 ft).; flowering March-June; fruiting June-September
Plants,Escobaria dasyacantha var. dasyacantha,dense cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S3,No,"Lechuguilla-sotol or creosote bush shrublands, grasslands, and oak-juniper woodlands on gravelly, rocky, and/or loamy soils over igneous or limestone substrates at moderate elevations 750-1800 m (2450-5900 ft) in the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering March-May (-July), fruiting (May-) June-August"
Plants,Escobaria dasyacantha var. duncanii,Duncan's cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2T3,S1S2,No,"Chihuahuan Desert scrub at low to moderate elevations 650-1825 m (2150-6000 ft) on hills, ledges, and benches in cracks and crevices of limestone outcrops; flowering February-March (-May, or July in New Mexico), fruiting mostly May-June"
Plants,Escobaria guadalupensis,Guadalupe Mountains pincushion cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"On exposed slabs and fractured limestone rock on steep, mostly south-facing slopes in pine-oak-juniper woodlands at (1370-) 1825-2650 m ([4500-] 6000-8700 ft) in the Guadalupe Mountains; flowering April-May; fruiting October-November"
Plants,Escobaria hesteri,Hester's cory cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Grasslands on novaculite hills or limestone hills and alluvial fans, also in pine-oak-juniper woodlands on igneous substrates; flowering April-early June (-November), also during growing season possibly in response to significant rainfall; fruiting June-August (-January)"
Plants,Escobaria minima,Nellie's cory cactus,E,1979-11-07,E,1983-04-29,G1,S1,Yes,"Novaculite outcrops in full sun among Chihuahuan Desert scrub, usually in cracks or chips of novaculite or in mats of Selaginella; flowering March-June, probably most consistently from mid April - mid May; fruiting within one month or less of flowering"
Plants,Escobaria sneedii var. sneedii,Sneed's pincushion cactus,E,1979-11-07,E,1983-04-29,G2G3QT2Q,S2,No,"Xeric limestone outcrops on rocky, usually steep slopes in desert mountains, in the Chihuahuan Desert succulent shrublands or grasslands; flowering April-September (peak usually in April, sometimes opportunistically after summer rains; fruiting August - November"
Plants,Euphorbia astyla,alkali spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"In Pecos County, locally frequent in nearly bare areas within alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides) grasslands on alkaline and/or saline silt loam on alluvial flats along a spring-fed desert stream; in Mexico, on windblown gypsum deposits and gypsum flats, Coahuila locally abundant; flowering and fruiting at least March-June and August-September, probably throughout the growing season depending on rainfall"
Plants,Euphorbia chaetocalyx var. triligulata,three-tongue spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,S1,No,"In Texas, in crevices in steep limestone cliffs and on scree and colluvium below; In Coahuila, on basalt and tuff cliffs; flowering/fruiting July-October, perhaps earlier in growing season too."
Plants,Euphorbia geyeri var. wheeleriana,Wheeler's spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S1,No,"Sparingly vegetated, loose eolian quartz sand on reddish sand dunes or coppice mounds; flowering and fruiting at least August-September, probably earlier and later, as well"
Plants,Euphorbia golondrina,swallow spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Alluvial or eolian sand along Rio Grande, occasionally on adjacent shale or limestone slopes; flowering June-November"
Plants,Euphorbia innocua,velvet spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Open or brushy areas on coastal sands and the South Texas Sand Sheet; Perennial; Flowering Sept-April; Fruiting Nov-July
Plants,Euphorbia jejuna,dwarf broomspurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"According to specimen collections, found on grama-grass prairie on caliche uplands, also dry caliche slopes, and limestone hills; flowering late March through July"
Plants,Euphorbia peplidion,low spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in a variety of vernally-moist situations in a number of natural regions; Annual; Flowering Feb-April; Fruiting March-April 
Plants,Euphorbia perennans,perennial broomspurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Occurring in sparsely vegetated low elevation sites on gypseous or calcareous substrates; Perennial; Flowering April-Oct; Fruiting Oct  
Plants,Euphorbia simulans,Big Bend spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in sparsely vegetated low elevation sites on gypseous or calcareous substrates (Carr 2015).
Plants,Euphorbia strictior,tall plains spurge,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Occurs in shortgrass grasslands on dry rocky or, more commonly, deep sandy sites; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting June-Sept"
Plants,Eurytaenia hinckleyi,Hinckley's spreadwing,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Loose sandy soils of the Monahans/Kermit Sandhills; Annual; Flowering/Fruiting May-July 
Plants,Eysenhardtia spinosa,spiny kidney-wood,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,Grasslands or sparse shrublands on igneous outcrops or limestone hills; in the Chinati Mountains on rocky hills and gravelly drainages of mixed igneous origin; flowering July - October
Plants,Fendlera linearis,stiff fendlerbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Locally common in several locations in the Chisos Mountains and the Solitario (Carr 2015).
Plants,Festuca ligulata,Guadalupe fescue,E,2017-10-10,E,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,"Pine-oak-juniper woodlands on mesic slopes and in creek bottoms above 1800 m (5900 ft); Chisos Mountains substrates are gravelly and sandy loams derived from igneous materials; Guadalupe Mountains substrates are unknown but presumed to be loamy soils over limestone; flowering August-September, occasionally in spring after sufficient rainfall"
Plants,Festuca versuta,Texas fescue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Occurs in mesic woodlands on limestone-derived soils on stream terraces and canyon slopes; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-June
Plants,Flyriella parryi,Shinner's brickellbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Dry rocky limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-June  
Plants,Frankenia johnstonii,Johnston's frankenia,DL,2016-02-11,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Dwarf shrublands on strongly saline, highly alkaline, calcareous or gypseous, clayey to sandy soils of valley flats or rocky slopes; mapped soils at many sites are of the Catarina and/or Maverick Series, other mapped soils include Copita, Brennan, Zapata, and Montell series; most sites are underlain by Eocene sandstones and clays of the Jackson Group or the Yegua and Laredo formations; a few are underlain by El Pico clay or the Catahoula and Frio formations shrublands; flowering throughout the growing season depending upon rainfall"
Plants,Fraxinus papillosa,Chihuahua ash,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3Q,S1,No,Occurs in the canyons of the Chinati Mountains (Carr 2015).
Plants,Fryxellia pygmaea,small fryxell-wort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,No,"West Texas, but actual county not identified; in Coahuila, Mexico, dry, open, Chihuahuan Desert hillside at an elevation of about 1250 m (4100 ft); probably flowers summer and fall, perhaps in response to rainfall"
Plants,Gaillardia aestivalis var. winkleri,white firewheel,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S2,Yes,"Open pine-oak woodlands and farkleberry sandhills in deep, loose, well-drained whitish sands; flowering late spring (May-June) and sporadically through early fall"
Plants,Galactia watsoniana,Watson's milk-pea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Usually growing on shaded, gently sloping terraces above creeks in mesic canyons of the southwestern Edwards Plateau.  Vegetation is most often sparse with Quercus muehlenbergii and Acer grandidentatum being the dominant plants.  "
Plants,Galium correllii,cliff bedstraw,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Dry, steep or vertical limestone cliff faces of various exposures in Chihuahuan Desert along Rio Grande, Pecos River, and their tributaries, at elevations of 350-500 m (1150-1650 ft), resembles cliff swallow nests that are also found on limestone cliffs; flowering April-November, fruiting May-December"
Plants,Genistidium dumosum,brush-pea,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,"Chihuahuan Desert scrub on rocky limestone hills at lower elevations; in Coahuila, also found on volcanic tuff and sandstone; flowering June-October"
Plants,Geocarpon minimum,earth fruit,T,1987-06-16,T,2005-04-04,G2,S1,No,"In Texas, found on vegetated edges of slick spots in saline barren complex just above floodplain of Neches River, soils are claypan, hold late winter rains, with a spongy feel to the soil, drying quickly into hardened cement; topography includes pimple mounds with micro highs/lows; elsewhere, occurs in open, sparingly vegetated glades on shallow soils over sandstone outcrops; sometimes in shallow depressions within such areas and saline prairies; these soils are very thin and high in magnesium or sodium; mostly found on the cryptogamic lip along slick spot perimeter; flowering late February-March"
Plants,Gilia ludens,South Texas gilia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2?,S3,Yes,Occurs in open areas in shrublands on shallow sandy loam over rock outcrops; Perennial; Flowering Dec-April; Fruiting March  
Plants,Glossopetalon texense,Texas greasebush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Dry limestone ledges, chalk bluffs, and limestone outcrops; one population is on an extremely steep slope, inaccessible to most herbivores; flowering period uncertain, including at least June-December"
Plants,Grindelia oolepis,plains gumweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Coastal prairies on heavy clay (blackland) soils, often in depressional areas, sometimes persisting in areas where management (mowing) may maintain or mimic natural prairie disturbance regimes; crawfish lands; on nearly level Victoria clay, Edroy clay, claypan, possibly Greta within Orelia fine sandy loam over the Beaumont Formation, and Harlingen clay; roadsides, railroad rights-of-ways, vacant lots in urban areas, cemeteries; flowering April-December"
Plants,Gyrandra blumbergiana,Blumberg's centaury,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Known from perennial seeps and associated drainages in limestone, sandstone, or gypseous canyons in the Chihuahuan Desert."
Plants,Hebecarpa palmeri,Palmer's milkwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering April-July; Fruiting June-Oct
Plants,Hedeoma apiculata,McKittrick pennyroyal,DL,1993-09-22,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Boulders, cliffs, ledges, and other exposed Permian limestone surfaces in higher mountain canyons, usually on north facing slopes or similarly sheltered, relatively mesic sites, but occasionally in more nondescript soil pockets; surrounded by oak-maple woodland; flowering July-September"
Plants,Hedeoma mollis,hairy false pennyroyal,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,Occurs in various mountain ranges (Carr 2015)
Plants,Hedeoma pilosa,old blue pennyroyal,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,Yes,Single historic record from open exposed limestone; flowering period unknown.
Plants,Helianthus neglectus,neglected sunflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S2,No,"Deep sands on rolling hills and dunes of Pleistocene sand sheets, often associated with Havards shin oak dwarf woodlands or mesquite-sand sage woodlands; flowering July-September"
Plants,Helianthus paradoxus,Pecos sunflower,T,1999-10-20,T,2001-07-18,G2,S1,No,"Restricted to saline, calcareous, heavy-textured soils around cienegas; usually most abundant on perennially wet soils of subirrigated terraces just above the wettest sites; flowering August-November"
Plants,Helianthus praecox ssp. hirtus,Dimmit sunflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T2Q,S2,Yes,"Bluestem midgrass grasslands on loose, well-drained, slightly acid, deep, sandy soils, mostly of Antosa-Bobilla Association and Poteet Series; underlain by Carrizo Sand Formation; flowering late summer-fall, dependent on periods of abundant rainfall, populations fluctuate greatly based on rainfall; apparently dependent on the maintenance of grassland habitat"
Plants,Helianthus praecox ssp. praecox,Texas sunflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T2,S2,Yes,Sandy open areas along the upper Texas coast; Annual; Flowering April-Sept
Plants,Hesperaloe funifera ssp. funifera,Mexican hesperaloe,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2T3,S1,No,Habitat description not available at this time.
Plants,Hesperaloe parviflora,red yucca,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Shrublands on dry limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering April-May; Fruiting May-June
Plants,Heteranthera mexicana,Mexican mud-plantain,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,No,"Wet clayey soils of resacas and ephemeral wetlands in South Texas and along margins of playas in the Panhandle; flowering June-December, only after sufficient rainfall"
Plants,Hexalectris nitida,Glass Mountains coral-root,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Apparently rare in mixed woodlands in canyons in the mountains of the Brewster County, but encountered with regularity, albeit in small numbers, under Juniperus ashei in woodlands over limestone on the Edwards Plateau, Callahan Divide and Lampasas Cutplain; Perennial; Flowering June-Sept; Fruiting July-Sept"
Plants,Hexalectris revoluta,Chisos coral-root,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T1T2,S1,Yes,"In the Chisos and Guadalupe mountains, in humus in oak groves along rocky creekbeds at mid- to high elevations; in the Glass Mountains, it has been found 'among lechuguilla and shinnery oak on the sunny slopes and ridges'; purplish or brownish stem color provides a surprisingly effective camouflage from human observers, aerial stems are not reliably sent up every year; usually flowering May-August."
Plants,Hexalectris warnockii,Warnock's coral-root,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,"In leaf litter and humus in oak-juniper woodlands on shaded slopes and intermittent, rocky creekbeds in canyons; in the Trans Pecos in oak-pinyon-juniper woodlands in higher mesic canyons (to 2000 m [6550 ft]), primarily on igneous substrates; in Terrell County under Quercus fusiformis mottes on terrraces of spring-fed perennial streams, draining an otherwise rather xeric limestone landscape; on the Callahan Divide (Taylor County), the White Rock Escarpment (Dallas County), and the Edwards Plateau in oak-juniper woodlands on limestone slopes; in Gillespie County on igneous substrates of the Llano Uplift; flowering June-September; individual plants do not usually bloom in successive years"
Plants,Hibiscus dasycalyx,Neches River rose-mallow,T,2013-10-11,T,2017-07-02,G1,S1,Yes,"Open marshy habitats in seasonally wet alluvial soils, most often near standing rather than flowing water; flowering June-August"
Plants,Hoffmannseggia drummondii,Drummond's rushpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Open areas on sandy clay; Perennial
Plants,Hoffmannseggia tenella,slender rush-pea,E,1985-11-01,E,1987-01-09,G1,S1,Yes,"Coastal prairie grasslands on level uplands and on gentle slopes along drainages, usually in areas of shorter or sparse vegetation; soils often described as Blackland clay, but at some of these sites soils are coarser textured and lighter in color than the typical heavy clay of the coastal prairies; flowering April-November"
Plants,Houstonia correllii,Correll's bluet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Sandy soils in grasslands with scattered shrubs or in mesquite savannas; does not occur in disturbed sandy areas or in improved pastures; flowering March, other months unknown"
Plants,Houstonia croftiae,Croft's bluet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in sparsely vegetated areas in grasslands or among shrubs (Carr 2015).
Plants,Houstonia parviflora,Greenman's bluet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Grass pastures. Feb- Apr. (Correll and Johnston 1970).
Plants,Hymenopappus biennis,biennial woolywhite,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,"Grasslands and open pine-juniper-oak woodlands on rocky, calcareous soils above 1,800 m (5,900 ft); flowering July-October"
Plants,Hymenopappus carrizoanus,sandhill woolywhite,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Disturbed or open areas in grasslands and post oak woodlands on deep sands derived from the Carrizo Sand and similar Eocene formations; flowering April-June
Plants,Hymenoxys perpygmaea,pygmy prairie dawn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Occurs in saline slick depressions on an alfisol prairie (Mink et al. 2012). The area is characterized by the presence of mima mounds (Mink et al. 2012). The prairie is classified as an alfisol Sporobolus silveanus (Swallen)�Carex meadii (Dewey) Herbaceous Prairie Association with mima mounds (NatureServe, 2010). The characteristic species of the slicks are ephemerals, short-lived annuals, or drought-tolerant specialists (Mink et al. 2012)."
Plants,Hymenoxys texana,Texas prairie dawn,E,1986-03-13,E,1987-01-09,G2,S2,Yes,"In poorly drained, sparsely vegtated areas (slick spots) at the base of mima mounds in open grassland or almost barren areas on slightly saline soils that are sticky when wet and powdery when dry; flowering late February-early April"
Plants,Hymenoxys vaseyi,Vasey's bitterweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,Occurs on xeric limestone cliffs and slopes at mid- to high elevations in desert shrublands.
Plants,Ipomoea shumardiana,Shumard's morning glory,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,No,"Known only from two specimens, both collected in 1941 from one site along the Red River, gravelly roadside prairie; Perennial; Flowering June-Aug; Fruiting July"
Plants,Ipomopsis havardii,Havard's standing cypress,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Various open habitats at lower elevations in and near the mountains of Brewster, Hudspeth and Presidio counties; Perennial; Flowering Feb-Sept; Fruiting Feb-March  "
Plants,Isoetes lithophila,rock quillwort,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,"Rooted in sand and gravel under shallow water of seasonal pools (vernal pools) that develop during rainy seasons in small, shallow, unshaded basins on barren outcrops of granite and gneiss; sporulating in late winter and spring, and opportunistically in other seasons following heavy rainfall"
Plants,Justicia runyonii,Runyon's water-willow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Margins of and openings within subtropical woodlands or thorn shrublands on calcareous, alluvial, silty or clayey soils derived from Holocene silt and sand floodplain deposits of the Rio Grande Delta; can be common in narow openings such as those provided by trails through dense ebony woodlands and is sometimes restricted to microdepressions; flowering (July-) September-November"
Plants,Justicia warnockii,Warnock's water-willow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Occurs mostly on xeric limestone uplands and rock outcrops; Perennial; Flowering May-Dec; Fruiting June  
Plants,Justicia wrightii,Wright's water-willow,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1S2,Yes,"Shortgrass grasslands and/or shrublands; dry gravelly clay soils over limestone on flats and low hills at elevations of 900-1500 m (2950-4900 ft); flowering April-August, or perhaps after periods of sufficient rainfall"
Plants,Kallstroemia perennans,perennial caltrop,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Somewhat barren gypseous clays or limestone soils at low elevations in the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering late spring-early fall
Plants,Lachnocaulon digynum,tiny bog button,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S1,No,"Wet, acid, exposed sands, sphagnum mats, and sandstone of hillside seepage bogs (hanging bogs); appears restricted to the Catahoula formation in Texas; usually among low growing graminoids; flowering and fruiting August-October"
Plants,Laennecia turnerorum,Turner's horseweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Occurs on silty limestone-derived soils in Chihuahuan Desert shrubland in basins sourrounded by desert mountains. 
Plants,Leavenworthia texana,Texas golden gladecress,E,2013-10-11,E,2015-03-20,G1,S1,Yes,Edaphically influenced herbaceous communities on shallow calcareous soils in vernally moist to wet glades on glauconite or ironstone outcrops of the Weches Formation; flowering or fruiting late February to April or May
Plants,Lechea mensalis,Chisos pinweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Open oak-pinyon-juniper woodlands over igneous or sandstone rock outcrops at high elevations in the mountains of the Trans Pecos and adjacent New Mexico; in Mexico, gravelly soil over igneous rocks and on alternating limestone and rhyolite substrates; presumably flowering June-August"
Plants,Leitneria pilosa ssp. pilosa,corkwood,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3T2,S2,No,"Wet or saturated silty soils along brackish or freshwater swamps and ponds and other low, poorly drained sites; flowers in early spring, fruiting as early as May"
Plants,Lenophyllum texanum,Texas stonecrop,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Found in shrublands on clay dunes (lomas) at the mouth of the Rio Grande and on xeric calcareous rock outcrops at scattered inland sites; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting Nov-Feb  
Plants,Lepidospartum burgessii,gypsum scalebroom,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,No,"Gypsum dune system in the salt basin west of the Guadalupe Mountains, east of Dell City; sparsely vegetated areas; some plants on and around shifting, unstabilized dunes; others in stabilized gypseous soils with a well-developed microbiotic crust; flowering late April- early October, peaking  late July-early September"
Plants,Leucosyris blepharophylla,gypsum hotspring aster,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Located at perennial springs, seeps, and their drainages in sandstone, calcareous, or gypseous canyons; Perennial; Flowering summer and fall"
Plants,Leucosyris mattturneri,Matt Turner's aster,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"In gypseous or sandy soils along shallow, perennial seeps and streams within canyons in the Chihuahuan Desert; Annual or short-lived perennial; Flowering April - September"
Plants,Liatris bracteata,coastal gay-feather,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,"Coastal prairie grasslands of various types, from salty prairie on low- lying somewhat saline clay loams to upland prairie on nonsaline clayey to sandy loams; flowering in fall"
Plants,Liatris cymosa,branched gay-feather,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Somewhat barren grassland openings in post oak woodlands on tight clayey, chalky, or gravelly soils, often over Catahoula Formation; flowering July-October"
Plants,Liatris glandulosa,glandular gay-feather,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Occurs in herbaceous vegetation on limestone outcrops (Carr 2015). Flowering: July-Oct.
Plants,Liatris tenuis,slender gay-feather,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Sandy soils of fire-maintained upland longleaf pine savannas, mostly over the Catahoula Formation; flowering June-September"
Plants,Lycium puberulum var. berberioides,silvery wolfberry,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,Yes,Occurs in Chihuahuan Desert grasslands and shrublands on gravel and clay hills and in creosote shrublands on gravel flats; Perennial; Flowering March-June; Fruiting April  
Plants,Lycium texanum,Texas wolf-berry,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Semi-desert grasslands and thorn shrublands on sandy, gravelly, and/or loamy soils, on very gently sloping terrain as well as in rocky areas of canyons, often over limestone at moderate elevations; flowering March-October"
Plants,Lythrum ovalifolium,Plateau loosestrife,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,No,"Banks and gravelly beds of perennial (or strong intermittent) streams on the Edwards Plateau, Llano Uplift and Lampasas Cutplain; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-Nov"
Plants,Malaxis wendtii,Wendt's malaxis,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,No,"In Texas, oak-juniper-pinyon woodlands in moist canyons and on north-facing slopes in the Chisos Mountains; flowering July-September"
Plants,Mammillaria wrightii var. wrightii,Wright's fishhook cactus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,SH,No,Franklin Mountains (Carr 2015)
Plants,Manfreda longiflora,St. Joseph's staff,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Thorn shrublands on clays and loams with various concentrations of salt, caliche, sand, and gravel; rossettes are often obscured by low shrubs; flowering September-October"
Plants,Manfreda sileri,Siler's huaco,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Rare in a variety of grasslands and shrublands on dry sites; Perennial; Flowering April-July; Fruiting June-July
Plants,Manihot walkerae,Walker's manioc,E,1991-10-02,E,1993-03-30,G2,S1,No,Periphery of native brush in sandy loam; also on caliche cuestas?; flowering April-September (following rains?)
Plants,Matelea atrostellata,black corona milkvine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1?,S1,Yes,Occurs on rocky soils in mountain canyons in oak-junper-pinyon woodlands. 
Plants,Matelea brevicoronata,shortcrown milkvine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Primarily in grasslands on tight sandy or silty substrates; Perennial; Flowering March-Sept; Fruiting May-Sept
Plants,Matelea edwardsensis,plateau milkvine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in various types of juniper-oak and oak-juniper woodlands; Perennial; Flowering March-Oct; Fruiting May-June
Plants,Matelea radiata,Falfurrias milkvine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Uncertain, only two known specimens; one from clay soil on dry gravel hills at altitude of approximately 45 m (150 ft); other from Falfurrias, no habitat description; probably flowering May-June"
Plants,Matelea sagittifolia,arrowleaf milkvine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Most consistently encountered in thornscrub in South Texas; Perennial; Flowering March-July; Fruiting April-July and Dec?
Plants,Matelea texensis,Texas milkvine,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Desert grasslands or woodlands over igneous substrate, at elevations between 1200-1500 m (3900-5000 ft); flowering/fruiting May-October"
Plants,Monarda maritima,seaside beebalm,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S2,Yes,Occurs in grasslands and pastures on sandy soil near the coast (Carr 2015).
Plants,Monarda stanfieldii,Stanfield's beebalm,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Largely confined to granite sands along the middle course of the Colorado River and its tributaries; Perennial
Plants,Monarda viridissima,Texas beebalm,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Endemic perennial herb of the Carrizo Sands; deep, well-drained sandy soils in openings of post oak woodlands; flowers white."
Plants,Muhlenbergia villiflora var. villosa,villous muhly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S2,No,Alkaline (gypsum soil) desert flats; Perennial 
Plants,Nemophila sayersensis,Sayersville blue eyes,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Open fields and woodland margins on deep loose nutrient-poor sand (Simpson, Helfgott and Neff 2001). Mar-May."
Plants,Nissolia platycalyx,broadsepal nissolia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Located in the Chisos Mountains on ingeous soil; Perennial; Flowering May  
Plants,Nolina arenicola,sand sacahuiste,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S2,Yes,"Mesquite-sand sage shrublands on windblown Quarternary reddish sand in dune areas; flowering time uncertain May-June, June-September"
Plants,Oenothera boquillensis,Boquillas lizardtail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Mostly in sandy soils in desert canyons and arroyos, occasionally in gravelly limestone soils in Chihuahuan Desert scrub at low elevations; flowering March-August"
Plants,Oenothera cinerea ssp. parksii,woolly butterfly-weed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,Flats and hills of red sand of Rio Grande Plains (Raven and Gregory 1972). April-Oct.
Plants,Oenothera cordata,heartleaf evening-primrose ,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in post oak woodlands on sandy soils on the coastal plain (Carr 2015).
Plants,Oenothera coryi,Cory's evening-primrose,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Calcareous prairies in the Plains Country of north Texas and in the Panhandle; Perennial; Flowering April-May   
Plants,Oenothera sessilis,Grand Prairie evening primrose,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,SH,No,"Known in Texas from a single historic collection from Galveston Island; elsewhere known from remnant moist to dry tallgrass prairies on sandy or silty Alfisols over claypan on ancient river terraces of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, and fragipan flatwoods; flowering May-June"
Plants,Oenothera triangulata,prairie butterfly-weed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Open sandy areas; Annual; Flowering March-June  
Plants,Onosmodium helleri,Heller's marbleseed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Occurs in loamy calcareous soils in oak-juniper woodlands on rocky limestone slopes, often in more mesic portions of canyons; Perennial; Flowering March-May"
Plants,Opuntia arenaria,sand prickly-pear,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Deep, loose or semi-stabilized sands in sparsely vegetated dune or sandhill areas, or sandy floodplains in arroyos; flowering May-June"
Plants,Opuntia aureispina,golden-spine prickly-pear,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Desert flats and low hills on slabs of fractured Boquillas limestone, Chihuahuan Desert near Rio Grande, 480-850 m (1576-2800 ft) elevation; flowering March-May (-June)"
Plants,Opuntia imbricata var. argentea,silver cholla,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,S1,Yes,"Rocky limestone slopes, rarely in alluvial soils in mesquite thickets, flowering April-July; fruit ripening two-three months after flowering"
Plants,Oreocarya crassipes,Terlingua Creek cat's-eye,E,1991-09-30,E,1993-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,"On low, seemingly barren, xeric hills of gypseous clay and chalky shales of the Boquillas Formation; flowering late March-early June; fruiting April-July"
Plants,Osmorhiza bipatriata,Livermore sweet-cicely,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G2?,S1,No,Moist igneous-derived soils of shaded rocky slopes around springs in high mountain canyons; occurs in shade of a mesic canyon forest; flowering June-August
Plants,Ostrya chisosensis,Big Bend hop-hornbeam,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Mixed woodlands on mesic, rocky, igneous slopes at high elevations in the Chisos Mountains; flowering May-June"
Plants,Packera texensis,Llano butterweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Endemic to Llano Uplift of Edwards Plateau; granite sands; arises quickly from evergreen winter rosettes during January rains; flowers Feb-Mar.
Plants,Paronychia congesta,bushy whitlow-wort,PE,2005-05-11,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Sparingly vegetated openings in thorn shrublands on extremely shallow, highly limey, soils over caliche or calcareous rock of the Goliad  Formation, on moderate slopes along its contact with the Catahoula and Frio formations; flowering mostly April-June, but as late as August, probably sporadically after rains throughout the season"
Plants,Paronychia jonesii,Jones' nailwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,Occurs in early successional open areas on deep well-drained sand; Biennial Annual; Flowering March-Nov; Fruiting April-Nov  
Plants,Paronychia maccartii,McCart's whitlow-wort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,Yes,"Known only from the type specimen, habitat poorly understood; substrate for type location described as very hard-packed red sand,  possibly the Cuevita-Randado Complex, probably occurring in thorn shrubland plant community;  based on type specimens presence of flowers and collection date, flowers in March, possibly also in other months and in response to rainfall"
Plants,Paronychia setacea,bristle nailwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,Yes,"Flowering vascular plant endemic to eastern southcentral Texas, occurring in sandy soils"
Plants,Paronychia wilkinsonii,Wilkinson's whitlow-wort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,Shallow rocky soils in crevices on novaculite hills or outcrops at low to moderate elevations in the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering April-October
Plants,Pediomelum cyphocalyx,turnip-root scurfpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,Grasslands and openings in juniper-oak woodlands on limestone substrates on the Edwards Plateau and in north-central Texas (Carr 2015).
Plants,Pediomelum humile,Rydberg's scurfpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Shortgrass grasslands or cenizo-guajillo shrublands on shallow, stony to gravelly clay soils on dry, open limestone or yellowish, eroding caliche hills; flowering March-May, however, plants often do not appear above the ground surface if there is not sufficient  precipitation, flowering and fruit maturation are also dependent on rainfall"
Plants,Pediomelum pentaphyllum,Chihuahua scurfpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,SH,No,"Texas habitat unknown; in Arizona, found in highly degraded desert grasslands or mixed desert scrub; soils are described as deep sandy loams, sometimes with sparse to moderate amounts of small-sized gravel (0.5-1 cm diameter), some soils display minor eolian coppicing; flowering April-May, again July-August depending on rainfall "
Plants,Pediomelum reverchonii,Reverchon's scurfpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Mostly in prairies on shallow rocky calcareous substrates and limestone outcrops; Perennial; Flowering Jun-Sept; Fruiting June-July  
Plants,Peniocereus greggii var. greggii,desert night-blooming cereus,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4T3,S2,No,"Chihuahuan Desert shrublands or shrub invaded grasslands in alluvial or gravelly soils at lower elevations, 1200-1500 m (3900-4900 ft), on slopes, benches, arroyos, flats, and washes; flowering synchronized over a few nights in early May to late June when almost all mature plants bloom, flowers last only one day and open just after dark, may flower as early as April"
Plants,Penstemon alamosensis,Alamo beardtongue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Rocky soils derived from limestone (in Texas), usually in sheltered sites, often on north facing slopes and in mesic canyon bottoms, occasionally in rock crevices or among unbrowsed shrubs; flowering late April-June "
Plants,Penstemon cardinalis var. regalis,royal red penstemon,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S2,No,Pine-oak woodlands in canyons at higher elevations in the Davis and Guadalupe mountains; flowering May-June (-August)
Plants,Penstemon guadalupensis,Guadalupe beardtongue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Scattered in calcareous prairies on the Lampasas Cutplain and Edwards Plateau; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting March-July
Plants,Penstemon triflorus var. integrifolius,Heller's beardtongue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,Yes,Occurs sparingly on rock outcrops and in grasslands associated with juniper-oak woodlands (Carr 2015).
Plants,Penstemon triflorus var. triflorus,threeflower penstemon,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S3,Yes,Occurs sparingly on rock outcrops and in grasslands associated with juniper-oak woodlands (Carr 2015).
Plants,Penstemon wrightii,Wright's beardtongue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Occurs mostly in montane grasslands and woodlands; Perennial; Flowering April-Aug; Fruiting May-Aug  
Plants,Peritoma multicaulis,manystem spiderflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Wet, saline or alkaline sandy soils around alkali sinks or flats, saline playas, springs, or meadows; in Texas, known from a wet, grassy seep along sandstone cliffs and historically from a Big sacaton (Sporobulus wrightii) flat at the edge of a cienega (desert spring) in soil developed over volcanic ash; flowering/fruiting June-September"
Plants,Perityle aglossa,limestone rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Crevices in limestone outcrops along the Rio Grande in Brewster and Terrell counties; Perennial; Flowering July-Dec; Fruiting Oct-Nov  
Plants,Perityle angustifolia,rayless rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,Crevices of limestone bluffs and cliff-faces; Perennial; Flowering April-Oct; Fruiting April-Sept  
Plants,Perityle bisetosa var. appressa,apressed two-bristle rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T2,S2,No,Crevices in limestone exposures on bluffs and other rock outcrops; flowering May-September
Plants,Perityle bisetosa var. bisetosa,two-bristle rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T2,S2,No,Crevices in limestone exposures on bluffs and other rock outcrops; flowering late summer-fall
Plants,Perityle bisetosa var. scalaris,stairstep two-bristle rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2T1,S1,Yes,Crevices in limestone exposures on bluffs and other rock outcrops; flowering May-October
Plants,Perityle cinerea,grayleaf rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,Crevices in dry limestone caprock of mesas; flowering spring-fall
Plants,Perityle dissecta,slimlobe rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,Limestone cliff faces in desert canyons; flowering/fruiting spring-fall
Plants,Perityle fosteri,Foster's rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Known only from rock faces on limestone boulders and bluffs in  a deep, protected canyon; flowering/fruiting July, other months not yet known"
Plants,Perityle huecoensis,Hueco rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,North-facing or otherwise mostly shaded limestone cliff faces within relatively mesic canyon system; flowering spring-fall
Plants,Perityle lindheimeri var. halimifolia,Devils River rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,Yes,Limestone cliff-faces in Val Verde County eastward to central Texas; Perennial; Flowering April-Sept; Fruiting June-Aug  
Plants,Perityle rupestris var. albiflora,whiteflower leafy rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,Yes,Locally common on igneous rock outcrops; Perennial; Flowering May-Oct; Fruiting Sept  
Plants,Perityle rupestris var. rupestris,leafy rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S3,Yes,Igneous rock outcrops; Perennial; Flowering May-Nov; Fruiting June-Sept  
Plants,Perityle vitreomontana,Glass Mountains rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Crevices and solution pockets in Capitan Limestone exposures on cliffs and rock outcrops in the Glass Mountains; flowering June-October
Plants,Perityle warnockii,Warnock's rock-daisy,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Crevices and solution pits in steep, dry, inaccessible limestone bluffs; flowering spring-fall"
Plants,Phacelia petiolata,stalk-leaf phacelia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,<span><span>Chihuahuan Desert scrub on gypsum at low elevations; flowering May-August</span></span>.
Plants,Phaseolus texensis,canyon bean,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Narrowly endemic to rocky canyons in eastern and southern Edwards Plateau occurring on limestone soils in mixed woodlands, on limestone cliffs and outcrops, frequently along creeks. Flowering: May-Oct."
Plants,Philadelphus texensis var. ernestii,canyon mock-orange,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S3,No,"Usually found growing from honeycomb pits on outcrops of Cretaceous limestone exposed as rimrock along mesic canyons, usually in the shade of mixed evergreen-deciduous canyon woodland; flowering April-June, fruit dehiscing September-October"
Plants,Philadelphus texensis var. texensis,Texas mock-orange,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2,S2,No,"Limestone slopes and ravines, slopes in oak-juniper woodlands; variety texensis has a more westward range than var. ernestii; it is known from Bandera, Bexar, Edwards, Kendall, Medina, Real, and Uvalde counties in central Texas; Flowering Apr�May; fruiting Jun�Oct (Freeman 2017)."
Plants,Phlox drummondii ssp. johnstonii,Johnston's phlox,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,Found on sandy soils; Annual; Flowering/Fruiting April-June  
Plants,Phlox nivalis ssp. texensis,Texas trailing phlox,E,1991-09-30,E,1993-03-30,G4T2,S2,Yes,"Relatively open fire-maintained pine or pine-hardwood forests on soils with a deep, sandy surface layer and clayey subsurface layers; flowering late March-early April (-May)"
Plants,Phlox oklahomensis,Oklahoma phlox,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,SH,No,"Known from a 1958 collection from an oak woodland four miles east of Garland, Texas (Carr 2015)."
Plants,Phyllanthopsis arida,Trans-Pecos maidenbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Crevices in calcareous bedrock exposures on arid mountain slopes, usually with succulents, Texas sites are on Cretaceous limestone; Mexican sites differ; flowering July-October"
Plants,Phyllanthus abnormis var. riograndensis,sand sheet leaf-flower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3,S3,Yes,Semi-desert scrub of deep South Texas; Annual; Flowering Feb-July; Fruiting Oct-March  
Plants,Phyllanthus ericoides,heather leaf-flower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Crevices in limestone on dry canyon walls and other rock outcrops; flowering October, and presumably in other months, given sufficient moisture"
Plants,Physaria angustifolia,threadleaf bladderpod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Limestone glades or chalk outcrops on the Annona and other Cretaceous formations (Carr 2011). March - May.
Plants,Physaria mcvaughiana,McVaugh's bladderpod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Grasslands on rocky limestone uplands at moderate elevations; Stream bed gravels, rocky limestone slopes and hills, canyon bottoms and slopes, limestone rubble, 1200-1600 m elevation; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting March-Aug  "
Plants,Physaria pallida,white bladderpod,E,1987-03-11,E,1987-05-18,G1,S1,Yes,"Natural openings or glades within pine-oak forests on calcareous sandy loam over glauconite or ironstone of the Weches Formation; these glades are seep moistened during the winter and spring, but become desiccated during the summer; flowering April-May"
Plants,Physaria thamnophila,Zapata bladderpod,E,1999-11-22,E,2001-07-18,G1G2,S1S2,No,"Open, thorn shrublands on shallow, well-drained sandy loams and sandstone outcrops of Eocene origin, including the Jackson Group and Yegua and Laredo formations; the known sites soils are mapped as Zapata, Maverick, Catarina, or Copita Series; flowering usually February-April, but also summer or fall depending on rainfall"
Plants,Physaria valida,strong bladderpod,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Open gravelly areas over limestone in pinyon-juniper woodlands at elevations of 900-2,000 m (2,950-6,550 ft); flowering March-May (-August)"
Plants,Physostegia correllii,Correll's false dragon-head,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Wet, silty clay loams on streamsides, in creek beds, irrigation channels and roadside drainage ditches; or seepy, mucky, sometimes gravelly soils along riverbanks or small islands in the Rio Grande; or underlain by Austin Chalk limestone along gently flowing spring-fed creek in central Texas; flowering May-September"
Plants,Physostegia longisepala,long-sepaled false dragon-head,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,"Relatively open areas on poorly drained, acid loams on level terrain over Beaumont, Deweyville, and Montgomery formations; probably originally found in fire-maintained wetland pine savannas or in the transition zone between such flatwoods and adjacent coastal prairies, now found primarily in secondary habitats, such as wet borrow ditches along roadsides and moist areas in human-made clearings in pine woodlands; flowering early May-early July"
Plants,Pinaropappus parvus,little rock lettuce,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Occurs on limestone cliff faces and among boulders on mountain slopes, in oak-pine, juniper and chaparral zones, at altitudes ranging from 1500 to 2200 meters; Perennial; Flowering June-July; Fruiting July  "
Plants,Pinus arizonica var. stormiae,pino real,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S1,No,Known from a few sites in the Chisos Mountains (Powell 1998) (Carr 2015)
Plants,Platanthera chapmanii,Chapman's orchid,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,No,"In Texas, appears restricted to wetland pine savannas and savanna swales in hillside seepage bogs, two very restricted and declining habitats in the State; flowering July-August"
Plants,Platanthera integra,yellow fringeless orchid,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S1,No,"Currently known only from a few bog sites in Angelina, Jasper and Newton counties; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting Aug"
Plants,Poa strictiramea,Big Bend bluegrass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Grasslands and open oak woodlands on igneous soils on rocky slopes above 1,800 m (5,900 ft) in the Chisos Mountains; in Mexico, found mostly on steep, north-facing slopes and cliff bases from the highest elevation creosote bush shrublands to mid-elevation pine-oak woodlands, on both igneous and limestone substrates; flowering May-September "
Plants,Polanisia erosa ssp. breviglandulosa,South Texas yellow clammyweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T3T4,S3S4,Yes,Sand plains of south Texas (Iltis 1958). Flowering early spring-mid fall.
Plants,Polemonium pauciflorum ssp. hinckleyi,Hinckley's Jacob's-ladder,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G5T2Q,S1,No,"A substantial population in the Davis Mountains occurs in a perennially mesic canyon and shaded talus boulder field on an igneous slope, elevation 2,100-2,300 m (6,900-7,550 ft), in the shade of a pine-oak-juniper forest; flowering July-October"
Plants,Polygonella parksii,Parks' jointweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Mostly found on deep, loose, whitish sand blowouts (unstable, deep, xeric, sandhill barrens) in Post Oak Savanna landscapes over the Carrizo and Sparta formations; also occurs in early successional grasslands, along right-of-ways, and on mechanically disturbed areas; flowering June-late October or September-November"
Plants,Pomaria austrotexana,stinking rushpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,In open areas on deep well drained sands; Perennial; Flowering Feb-Oct; Fruiting April-Oct  
Plants,Pomaria brachycarpa,broadpod rushpea,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Grasslands, live oak savannas, and open mesquite woodlands on shallow, stony, clay soils over limestone; most specimens are from ungrazed roadsides, often in shallowest soils on landscape where competition from taller perennial grasses is minimal; flowering April-July, possibly also in November"
Plants,Potamogeton clystocarpus,Little Aguja pondweed,E,1991-11-14,E,1993-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,"Submersed in still or slowly flowing water of pools in intermittent creeks and rooted in sand and gravel derived from igneous rock of surrounding mountain slopes; fruiting May-October, and possibly later"
Plants,Prenanthes barbata,barbed rattlesnake-root,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"In east Texas occurs on calciphilc hardwood terraces above floodplains, and seepage slopes, often in the company of a comparatively rich herbaceous flora; elsewhere found on prairies, barrens, and open woodlands; in calcareous substrates and in sand over clay on the Weches, Fleming, and Lissie formations; flowering August-November"
Plants,Prenanthes carrii,canyon rattlesnake-root,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Rich humus soils over limestone in upper woodland canyon drainages, upper small spring fed drainages, typically near springs in deep soils around the springs and on limestone shelves, honeycomb rock (porous rock); flowering and fruiting late August-November"
Plants,Proboscidea sabulosa,dune unicorn-plant,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Deep, dry to seasonally moist loose sands on sparsely vegetated, unstabilized dunes and in openings in shinneries; in New Mexico, one location found as a secondary successional species in fallow fields; does not germinate in years with inadequate summer rainfall, but may be locally abundant during unusually wet summers; flowering July-August, with fruits maturing in fall"
Plants,Proboscidea spicata,many-flowered unicorn-plant,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,Dry sandy alluvial and/or Eolian soils on terraces along Rio Grande or in other disturbed sandy habitats; flowering May-June (-August)
Plants,Prunus havardii,Havard plum,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Local in limestone canyons, on igneous talus slopes and novaculite outcrops; Perennial; Flowering March-July; Fruiting June-Oct"
Plants,Prunus minutiflora,Texas almond,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,"Wide-ranging but scarce, in a variety of grassland and shrubland situations, mostly on calcareous soils underlain by limestone but occasionally in sandier neutral soils underlain by granite; Perennial; Flowering Feb-May and Oct; Fruiting Feb-Sept"
Plants,Prunus murrayana,Murray's plum,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Deciduous woodlands on steep rocky slopes in mesic, high elevation mountain canyons on both igneous and sedimentary substrates; flowering March-April; fruiting June-August"
Plants,Prunus texana,Texas peachbush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,"Occurs at scattered sites in various well drained sandy situations; deep sand, plains and sand hills, grasslands, oak woods, 0-200 m elevation; Perennial; Flowering Feb-Mar; Fruiting Apr-Jun"
Plants,Pseudoclappia arenaria,cienega false clappia-bush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Mostly in alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides) grasslands on alkaline, gypseous or saline soils of alluvial flats around cienegas, playa lakes and other desert wetlands; Perennial; Flowering spring-summer  "
Plants,Pseudoclappia watsonii,Watson's false clappia-bush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Chihuahuan Desert shrublands on dry, rocky, gypseous clay hills and arroyos; flowering May-August"
Plants,Pseudognaphalium arizonicum,Arizona cudweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3,No,Along or near springs and creeks in oak and pine woodlands at high elevations (known locations are at 6500-7500 ft) (Nesom 2000). Aug-Oct.
Plants,Pseudognaphalium austrotexanum,South Texas false cudweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"In sandy grasslands on eroded area above saline flats; along edge of sendero through mesquite woodland and shrub mottes on sandy loam; on gravel and silt bars and flats in scour plain of streams (TEX-LL specimens Carr 23682, 29264, 22647, 27206). Oct-Jan, sometimes in spring."
Plants,Psilactis heterocarpa,Welder machaeranthera,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,"Grasslands , varying from midgrass coastal prairies, and open mesquite-huisache woodlands on nearly level, gray to dark gray clayey to silty soils; known locations mapped on Victoria clay, Edroy clay, Dacosta sandy clay loam over Beaumont and Lissie formations; flowering September-November"
Plants,Quercus arkansana,Arkansas oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"At the Cass County location, it occurs with Quercus stellata, Q. marilandica and Q. incana in a young pine plantation on deep sandy soils; Perennial; Flowering spring  "
Plants,Quercus boyntonii,Boynton's oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,No,"Loblolly pine-oak forests on deep, sandy soils in creek bottoms; possibly also in shallower soils of upland prairies; flowering in the spring"
Plants,Quercus carmenensis,Sierra del Carmen oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2?,S1,No,"Shrublands and woodlands on talus slopes at 2,200-2,500 m (7,200-8,200 ft) elevation; immature fruit collected in July"
Plants,Quercus depressipes,Mexican dwarf oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Thin mountain soils on rocky slopes in grasslands, chaparral, and open woodlands at 2,100-2,600 m (6,900-8,500 ft) elevation; known in Texas from west and northwest facing slopes of Mount Livermore; flowering in the spring"
Plants,Quercus graciliformis,Chisos oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Oak woodlands in dry rocky canyons, usually associated with a high water table; in moister portions of canyons of the Chisos Mountains, above elevations of 1650 m (5400 ft); flowering in the spring, fruiting July-early September "
Plants,Quercus hinckleyi,Hinckley's oak,T,1988-08-26,T,1988-12-30,G2,S2,No,"Creosote bush-mariola or lechuguilla-sotol shrublands on arid limestone slopes at mid-elevations in Chihuahuan Desert; flowering in spring, produces acorns late August-early September"
Plants,Quercus robusta,robust oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1Q,S1,Yes,"Mixed evergreen-deciduous woodlands in moist canyon bottoms at elevations ca. 1,280 m (4,200 ft) in foothills of the Chisos Mountains; flowering in th spring"
Plants,Quercus tardifolia,lateleaf oak,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,No,"Mixed evergreen-deciduous woodlands in moist canyon bottoms at elevation ca. 2,150 m (7,050 ft)  in the Chisos Mountains; flowering in the spring"
Plants,Rayjacksonia aurea,Houston daisy,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G1,S1,Yes,"On and around naturally barren or sparsely vegetated saline slick spots or pimple mounds on coastal prairies, usually on sandy to sandy loam soils, occasionally in pastures and on roadsides in similar soil types where mowing may mimic natural prairie disturbance regimes; flowering late September-November (-December)"
Plants,Rhinotropis maravillasensis,Maravillas milkwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Crevices of limestone exposed on canyons walls, along the Rio Grande and its tributaries, and in low desert mountains at 450-950 m (1,450-3,100 ft) elevation; appears restricted to the area of the Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande and lower Boquillas Canyon on both sides of the border; flowering May-October"
Plants,Rhinotropis rimulicola var. rimulicola,rock crevice milkwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S2,No,"<table width=""1790""> <colgroup> <col width=""1790""/> </colgroup> <tbody> <tr> <td width=""1790""><span><span><span><span><span><span>Habitat description not available at this time.</span></span></span></span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table>"
Plants,Rhododon angulatus,Tharp's rhododon,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1Q,S1,Yes,"Deep, loose sands in sparsely vegetated areas on stabilized dunes of Pleistocene barrier islands; flowering (May-) June-September, sometimes later with appropriate rainfall"
Plants,Rhododon ciliatus,Texas sandmint,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Open sandy areas in the Post Oak Belt of east-central Texas; Annual; Flowering April-Aug; Fruiting May-Aug
Plants,Rhynchospora indianolensis,Indianola beakrush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3Q,S3,Yes,"Locally abundant in cattle pastures in some areas (at least during wet years), possibly becoming a management problem in such sites; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-Nov"
Plants,Rhynchospora macra,large beakrush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,Found in ombotropic quaking peat bogs; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting Aug-Oct
Plants,Rorippa ramosa,Durango yellow-cress,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Moist, fine-textured, alluvial soils on floodplains and in beds of intermittent streams; flowering March-May"
Plants,Rosa stellata ssp. mirifica var. erlansoniae,Erlanson's desert rose,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T1,S1,No,Narrow endemic of the McKittrick Canyon in the Guadalupe Mountains; Perennial.
Plants,Rudbeckia scabrifolia,bog coneflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,"Restricted to partial shade at the lower edges of hillside seepage bogs and associated broadleaf semi-evergreen acid seep forests; typically at the head of a spring or seep, and usually on sites underlain by the Catahoula Formation or near the Catahoula-Fleming contact; flowering June-September"
Plants,Salvia pentstemonoides,big red sage,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Moist to seasonally wet, steep limestone outcrops on seeps within canyons or along creek banks; occasionally on clayey to silty soils of creek banks and terraces, in partial shade to full sun; basal leaves conspicuous for much of the year; flowering June-October"
Plants,Salvia summa,great sage,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Limestone cliffs and slopes in the Guadalupe and Franklin Mountains; Perennial; Flowering April-June; Fruiting May-Oct  
Plants,Schizachyrium spadiceum,honey false bluestem,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3?,S1,No,Dry limestong slopes in the desert mountains of Brewster County (Carr 2015).
Plants,Schoenolirion wrightii,Texas sunnybell,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Rocky barrens in the Post Oak region near College Station, with a few disjunct populations on the Catahoula Formation of southeast Texas; Perennial; Flowering March-April; Fruiting March"
Plants,Schoenoplectus deltarum,Delta bulrush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S1,No,Known in Texas only from freshwater wetlands near the Gulf� (Carr 2015).
Plants,Schoenoplectus hallii,Hall's baby bulrush,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1S2,No,Recently discovered in and around ephemeral ponds on sandy to sandy loam or sandy clay soils; flowering/fruiting primarily summer and fall
Plants,Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp. tobuschii,Tobusch fishhook cactus,T,2018-06-14,E,1983-04-29,G4T3,S3,Yes,"Shallow, moderately alkaline, stony clay and clay loams over massive fractured limestone; usually on level to slightly sloping hilltops; occasionally on relatively level areas on steeper slopes, and in rocky floodplains; usually open areas within a mosaic of oak-juniper woodlands, occasionally in pine-oak woodlands, rarely in cenizo shrublands or little bluestem grasslands; sites are usually open with only herbaceous cover, although the cactus may be somewhat protected by rocks, grasses, or spikemosses; flowering (late January-) February-March (rarely early April)"
Plants,Sclerocactus mariposensis,Lloyd's mariposa cactus,T,1979-11-06,T,1983-04-29,G3,S3,No,"Among low shrubs and rosette-forming perennials in gravelly or rocky soils on arid limestone slopes in the Chihuahuan Desert, mostly on Boquillas Formation; elevation 750-1,050 m (2,450-3,450 ft); flowering February-mid March, fruit maturing 1-2 months later"
Plants,Scutellaria laevis,smooth-stem skullcap,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"On mountain slopes and in arroyos along dry streambeds of the Sierra Diablo, Beach Mountains, and Guadalupe Mountains; flowering April-September"
Plants,Sedum havardii,Havard's stonecrop,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Crevices in igneous rock outcrops, sometimes loose igneous talus, in oak-pinyon woodlands and chaparral at mid- to high elevations in the Chisos (rocky west facing slope) and Davis mountains; flowering May-September"
Plants,Selaginella viridissima,green spikemoss,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Shaded or sheltered igneous, limestone, or sandstone rock ledges, boulders, and cliffs in woodlands and shrublands; can occur in areas susceptible to flash flooding, as well as, prolonged hot, dry  conditions; sporiferous June-August"
Plants,Selenia grandis,large selenia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in seasonally wet clayey soils in open areas; Annual; Flowering Jan-April; Fruiting Feb-April  
Plants,Selenia jonesii,Jones' selenia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Wet clayey soils of stream margins, playa lakes, and roadsides, mostly in the western Edwards Plateau; Annual; Flowering Feb-April; Fruiting March-April"
Plants,Senecio quaylei,Quayle's butterweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Known only from the type location in Parker County, where it occured in a weedy roadside ditch; Annual; Flowering spring  "
Plants,Senna orcuttii,Orcutt's senna,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Gravelly or rocky soil on limestone slopes and in beds of intermittent streams, within various mid- to lower elevation Chihuahuan Desert communities; at least one site is on east- to north-facing slopes; flowering July-August"
Plants,Senna ripleyana,Ripley's senna,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,SH,No,"Gravelly hilltops in arid grasslands and creosote flats in Chihuahuan Desert; elevation ranges 1,200-1,500 m (3,900-4,900 ft); flowering/fruiting July-October"
Plants,Sesuvium trianthemoides,roughseed sea-purslane,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GH,SH,Yes,Dunes and perhaps in saline clay of tidal flats or ephemeral ponds within a dune landscape; likely flowering June-August
Plants,Seymeria texana,Texas seymeria,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Found primarily in grassy openings in juniper-oak woodlands on dry rocky slopes but sometimes on rock outcrops in shaded canyons; Annual; Flowering May-Nov; Fruiting July-Nov
Plants,Shinnersia rivularis,springrun whitehead,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S1,No,"In shallow, slow-moving water in small, usually spring-fed streams and rivers arising from calcareous outcrops; abandoned river channel fed by a strong perennial stream, rooted in fine-textured sediments, with stems entirely submerged and only the flowering branch tips appearing above water surface; in slowly flowing water up to 0.3-0.4 m deep but appeared to be absent from deeper water, shaded for most of the day; also in water 0.5-1 m deep, rooted in a mucky to gravelly bottom; flowering throughout the year, most reliably March-May"
Plants,Sicyos glaber,smooth bur-cucumber,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Mesic canyons in the Chisos and Guadalupe Mountains (Carr 2015).
Plants,Silene plankii,Plank's catchfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,No,"Franklin Mountains of El Paso County, occurring in crevices on shaded igneous cliff faces above ca. 5000 ft.; Perennial; Flowering summer-early autumn "
Plants,Silene subciliata,scarlet catchfly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Deep well-drained sandy soils in and along margins of fire-maintained, dry, upland, longleaf pine savannas; in fire-suppressed forests with dense understory, it is often limited to sunnier roadsides or cleared utility easements; also sparingly in moister sands on openly forested creek banks; flowering early July-October, sometimes early November"
Plants,Solanum davisense,Davis Mountains horse-nettle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Mostly in medium to high elevations in the Chisos, Davis and Chinati mountains of Brewster, Jeff Davis and Presidio counties, but also at lower-elevation sites; sometimes weedy where it occurs; Annual; Flowering/Fruiting June-Oct "
Plants,Spigelia texana,Texas pinkroot,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Woodlands on loamy soils; Perennial; Flowering March-Nov; Fruiting April-Nov
Plants,Spiranthes brevilabris,Texas ladies'-tresses,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1G2,S1,No,"Sandy soils in moist prairies, incl. blackland/Fleming prairies, calcareous prairie pockets surrounded by pines, pine-hardwood forest, open pinelands, wetland pine savannahs/flatwoods, and dry to moist fields, meadows, and roadsides.  Delicate, nearly ephemeral orchid, producing winter rosettes, flowers Feb-Apr. Historically endemic to SE coastal plain."
Plants,Spiranthes longilabris,giant spiral ladies'-tresses,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,"Restricted to wetland pine savannas; Low woods, wet open areas; Perennial; Flowering Oct-Dec; Fruiting Nov"
Plants,Spiranthes parksii,Navasota ladies'-tresses,E,1982-05-06,E,1983-04-29,G3,S3,Yes,"Openings in post oak woodlands in sandy loams along upland drainages or intermittent streams, often in areas with suitable hydrologic factors, such as a perched water table associated with the underlying claypan; flowering populations fluctuate widely from year to year, an individual plant does not flower every year; flowering late October-early November (-early December)"
Plants,Stanleya pinnata var. texana,Texas golden prince's-plume,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T1,S1,Yes,"Occurs on clay or silty soils on sparsely vegetated limestone and/or gypseous hills, draws, washes, and flats."
Plants,Stenaria butterwickiae,Mary's bluet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Shallow pockets or crevices in limestone bedrock on ridgetops; flowering or fruiting at least May-August
Plants,Stenaria mullerae var. pooleana,Jackie's bluet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1Q,S1,Yes,"North- to east-facing vertical limestone cliff faces in mid-elevation canyons in mountains in the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering May, perhaps to September"
Plants,Streptanthus bracteatus,bracted twistflower,T,2023-05-11,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Shallow, well-drained gravelly clays and clay loams over limestone in oak juniper woodlands and associated openings, on steep to moderate slopes and in canyon bottoms; several known soils include Tarrant, Brackett, or Speck over Edwards, Glen Rose, and Walnut geologic formations; populations fluctuate widely from year to year, depending on winter rainfall; flowering mid April-late May, fruit matures and foliage withers by early summer"
Plants,Streptanthus carinatus ssp. carinatus,lyreleaf twistflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3T4,S3,No,Occurs on igneous and limestone slopes and alluvial fans (Carr 2015).
Plants,Streptanthus cutleri,Cutler's twistflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,"Open shrublands or grasslands on calcareous gravel of talus slopes, rocky hillsides, and gravelly streambeds, at moderate elevations in the Chihuahuan Desert; flowering mostly February-March, sometimes into May"
Plants,Streptanthus maculatus ssp. maculatus,clasping twistflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T2T3Q,S2,No,Primarily on seasonally moist barrens on the Weches Formation but has been found elsewhere as well (Carr 2015)
Plants,Streptanthus platycarpus,broadpod twistflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Western Edwards Plateau and the Trans-Pecos, seemingly disjunct in Llano Uplift area, occurring sparingly in various habitats; Biennial Annual; Flowering/Fruiting March-June  "
Plants,Streptanthus sparsiflorus,sparsely-flowered jewelflower,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S1,No,"Shaded areas in gravelly limestone canyons and arroyos, often in dry creek beds at elevations ranging 1,200-1,800 m (3,900-5,900 ft); flowering May-June; populations vary widely in size from year to year depending on rainfall"
Plants,Styrax platanifolius ssp. platanifolius,sycamore-leaf snowbell,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S3,Yes,"Rare throughout range, usually in oak-juniper woodlands on steep rocky banks and ledges along intermittent or perennial streams, rarely far from some reliable source of moisture; Perennial; Flowering April-May; Fruiting May-Aug."
Plants,Styrax platanifolius ssp. stellatus,hairy sycamore-leaf snowbell,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T3,S3,Yes,"Rare throughout range, in habitats similar to those of var. platanifolius - usually in oak-juniper woodlands on steep rocky banks and ledges along intermittent or perennial streams, rarely far from some reliable source of moisture; Perennial; Flowering April-Oct; Fruiting May-Sept"
Plants,Styrax platanifolius ssp. texanus,Texas snowbells,E,1984-10-12,E,1987-01-09,G3T1,S1,Yes,"Limestone bluffs, boulder slopes, cliff faces, and gravelly streambeds, usually along perennial streams or intermittent drainages in canyon bottoms, in full sun or in partial shade of cliffs and/or Sycamore-Little walnut woodlands, oak-juniper woodlands, or mixed oak shrublands; flowering late March-April"
Plants,Styrax platanifolius ssp. youngiae,Young's snowbell,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3T1,S1,No,"In Mexico occurs in relatively mesic montane limestone canyons; known in Texas from a single specimen ��in a canyon, Davis Mountains�; flowering Apr-May, fruiting July-September"
Plants,Symphyotrichum puniceum var. scabricaule,rough-stem aster,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T2,S1S2,No,"Relatively open sites in saturated soils associated with seepage areas, bogs, marshes, ponds, drainages, and degraded wetland remnants on the Queen City, Carrizo, and Sparta sand formations; flowering late September-early November."
Plants,Tauschia texana,Texas tauschia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in loamy soils in deciduous forests or woodlands on river and stream terraces; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting Feb-April
Plants,Tetraneuris turneri,Billie's bitterweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Grasslands on shallow sandy soils and caliche outcrops (Carr 2015).
Plants,Thalictrum arkansanum,Arkansas meadow-rue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S2,No,"Mostly deciduous forests on alluvial terraces and upper drainages of hardwood slope forests at contacts with calcareous prairies; flowering March-April, withering by midsummer"
Plants,Thalictrum texanum,Texas meadow-rue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S2,Yes,"Mostly found in woodlands and woodland margins on soils with a surface layer of sandy loam, but it also occurs on prairie pimple mounds; both on uplands and creek terraces, but perhaps most common on claypan savannas; soils are very moist during its active growing season; flowering/fruiting (January-)February-May, withering by midsummer, foliage reappears in late fall(November) and may persist through the winter"
Plants,Thelesperma burridgeanum,Burridge greenthread,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Sandy open areas; Annual; Flowering March-Nov; Fruiting March-June  
Plants,Thelocactus bicolor var. flavidispinus,straw-spine glory-of-Texas,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T2,S2,Yes,"Rocky hills of the Caballos Novaculite formation; in desert grasslands or shrublands below about 1,500 m (5000 ft); flowering late March-May, also June-September after significant rainfall"
Plants,Thelypodiopsis shinnersii,Shinner's rocket,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,"Mostly along margins of Tamaulipan thornscrub on clay soils of the Rio Grande Delta, including lomas near the mouth of the river; Tamaulipas, Mexico specimens are from mountains, with no further detail; flowering mostly March-April, with one collection in December"
Plants,Thelypodium texanum,Texas thelypody,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Locally frequent on gravelly slopes and in arroyo bottoms; Annual; Flowering/Fruiting Feb-April
Plants,Thurovia triflora,threeflower broomweed,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,"Near coast in sparse, low vegetation on a veneer of light colored silt or fine sand over saline clay along drier upper margins of ecotone between between salty prairies and tidal flats; further inland associated with vegetated slick spots on prairie mima mounds; flowering September-November"
Plants,Thymophylla tephroleuca,ashy dogweed,E,1984-07-19,E,1987-01-09,G2,S2,Yes,Grasslands with scattered shrubs; most sites on sands or sandy loams on level or very gently rolling topography over Eocene strata of the Laredo Formation; flowering March-May depending to some extent on rainfall
Plants,Tidestromia carnosa,fleshy tidestromia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Occurs in saline or gypseous soils in open situations; Annual; Flowering March-Nov; Fruiting April-Nov  
Plants,Tillandsia baileyi,Bailey's ballmoss,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2,No,"Epiphytic on various trees and tall shrubs, perhaps most common in mottes of Live oak on vegtated dunes and flats in coastal portions of the South Texas Sand Sheet, but also on evergreen sub-tropical woodlands along resacas in the Lower Rio Grande Valley; flowering (February-)April-May, but conspicuous throughout the year"
Plants,Tradescantia buckleyi,Buckley's spiderwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Occurs on sandy loam or clay soils in grasslands or shrublands underlain by the Beaumount Formation.
Plants,Tradescantia pedicellata,granite spiderwort,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2Q,S2,Yes,"Mostly in fractures on outcrops of granite, gneiss, and similar igneous and metamorphic rocks, or in early successional grasslands or forb-dominated assemblages on well-drained, sandy to gravelly soils dervied from same; flowering at least April-May"
Plants,Tragia nigricans,darkstem noseburn,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Occurs in oak-juniper woodlands on mesic limestone slopes and canyon bottoms; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-Oct
Plants,Trichocoronis wrightii var. wrightii,Wright's trichocoronis,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S2,No,"Most records from Texas are historical, perhaps indicating a decline as a result of alteration of wetland habitats; Annual; Flowering Feb-Oct; Fruiting Feb-Sept"
Plants,Tridens buckleyanus,Buckley tridens,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S3S4,Yes,Occurs in juniper-oak woodlands on rocky limestone slopes; Perennial; Flowering/Fruiting April-Nov
Plants,Trillium texanum,Texas trillium,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"In or along the margins of hardwood forests on wet acid soils of bottoms and lower slopes, strongly associated with forested seeps and baygalls; flowering March-May"
Plants,Triphora trianthophoros var. texensis,Texas three-birds orchid,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4?T1Q,S1,Yes,"base of short, shallow, intermittent drainage slope with high organic matter (leaf-litter mulch) in dense, mixed hardwood (Southern red oak, hickory) pine (Shortleaf) forest stand; flowers from late July to early September"
Plants,Valeriana texana,Guadalupe valerian,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,No,Pine-oak-juniper woodlands and moist crevices in limestone boulders and cliff faces in higher canyons of the Guadalupe Mountains; Perennial; Flowering April-Aug; Fruiting July  
Plants,Valerianella florifera,Texas cornsalad,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Grasslands and early-successional openings in the post oak belt of east-central and northeast Texas;  Sandy soils; Annual; Flowering March-April  
Plants,Valerianella stenocarpa,bigflower cornsalad,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Usually along creekbeds or in vernally moist grassy open areas (Carr 2015).
Plants,Valerianella texana,Edwards Plateau cornsalad,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Very shallow, well-drained, but seasonally moist gravelly-sandy soils derived from igneous or metamorphic rocks, often along the downslope margin of rock outcrops, in full sun or in partial shade of oak-juniper woodlands; more likely encountered in early successional areas; population numbers fluctuate considerably from year to year, with higher numbers following winters with higher rains and/or moderate temperatures; peak flowering/fruiting mid-March�late April, stems wither and disappear by the beginning of May"
Plants,Viola guadalupensis,Guadalupe Mountains violet,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Guadalupe Mountains; bullet hole openings in dolomitized limestone rock faces, in the shade of an open Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) woodland at about 2,450 m (8,000 ft) elevation; flowering March-May"
Plants,Vitis rupestris,rock grape,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S1,No,Occurs on rocky limestone slopes and in streambeds; Perennial; Flowering March-May; Fruiting May-July  
Plants,Willkommia texana var. texana,Texas willkommia,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4T3,S3,Yes,Mostly in sparsely vegetated shortgrass patches within taller prairies on alkaline or saline soils on the Coastal Plain (Carr 2015).
Plants,Wissadula parvifolia,small-leaved yellow velvet-leaf,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,Occurs on sandy loams or clays in shrublands or woodlands on gently undulating terrain of the Holocene sand sheet over the Goliad Formation.
Plants,Xanthisma viscidum,sticky tansy aster,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,Occurs on calcareous or sandy soils in Chihuahuan Desert shrublands or mesquite grasslands.
Plants,Xylorhiza wrightii,Wright's machaeranthera,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Desert grasslands in the Trans-Pecos (Carr 2015).
Plants,Xyris chapmanii,Chapman's yellow-eyed grass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Mostly in soft, spongy, peaty substrates in deep muck seepage bogs; mostly in muckiest parts of hillside seepage bogs; flowering August-September, with seed maturing September-October"
Plants,Xyris drummondii,Drummond's yellow-eyed grass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,"Wet sand or peaty sand in hillside seepage bogs; in Texas, exclusively over the Catahoula formation, elsewhere also found along contact between Willis and Bentley formations; flowering mid June-mid August, seeds developing mid-late summer and early fall"
Plants,Xyris scabrifolia,roughleaf yellow-eyed grass,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Wet sand and/or peat in acid seepage areas or hillside seepage bogs on the Catahoula formation or near the contact of the Catahoula and the Willis formations, in open areas and in partial shade of evergreen shrub thickets, often on Sphagnum hummocks; flowering late July-early September"
Plants,Yucca cernua,nodding yucca,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S1,Yes,Openings in and margins of pine-hardwood forests on brownish acid clays of the Redco Series; flowering/fruiting June-November
Plants,Yucca necopina,Glen Rose yucca,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,Grasslands on sandy soils and limestone outcrops; flowering April-June
Plants,Zanthoxylum parvum,Shinners' tickle-tongue,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2,S2,Yes,"Understory of maple-oak woodlands or evergreen oak shinnery on rocky, often shallow, well-drained, neutral, non-calcareous loams underlain by rhyolite, tuff trachyandesite, or other igneous rock, at elevations between about 1,350-1,750 m (4,400-5,750 ft); flowering late March-early April, before the leaves have fully expanded"
Plants,Zephyranthes jonesii,Jones's rainlilly,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Hardpan swales and other seasonally moist low areas (Jones 1977). Flowering mid summer--early fall (Jul--Oct) (Flagg, Smith &amp; Flory 2002)."
Plants,Zephyranthes refugiensis,Refugio rainlily,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G2G3,S2S3,Yes,Occurs on deep heavy black clay soils or sandy loams in swales or drainages on herbaceous grasslands or shrublands on level to rolling landscapes underlain by the Lissie Formation.
Plants,Zephyranthes smallii,Small's rainlily,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G1Q,S1,Yes,"Open low fields, swales and ditches on sandy loam. Flowering early fall (Sep--Oct) (Flagg, Smith &amp; Flory 2002)."
Plants,Zephyranthes traubii,Traub's rainlily,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,Yes,"Primarily sandy loam, open fields, coastal plains. Flowering early summer--mid fall (Jul--Nov) (Flagg, Smith & Flory 2002)."
Plants,Zizania texana,Texas wild-rice,E,1978-04-26,E,1983-04-29,G1,S1,Yes,"Spring-fed river, in clear, cool, swift water mostly less than 1 m deep, with coarse sandy soils rather than finer clays; flowering year-round, peaking March-June"
Reptiles,Apalone mutica,smooth softshell,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Aquatic: Large rivers and streams; in some areas also found in lakes and impoundments (Ernst and Barbour 1972). Usually in water with sandy or mud bottom and few aquatic plants. Often basks on sand bars and mudflats at edge of water. Eggs are laid in nests dug in high open sandbars and banks close to water, usually within 90 m of water (Fitch and Plummer 1975)."
Reptiles,Aspidoscelis dixoni,gray-checkered whiptail,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"Terrestrial: The habitat comprises rocky plains, dry washes, canyon bottoms, and desert scrub (ocotillo, creosotebush, opuntia) (Bartlett and Bartlett 1999); generally on rocky soils of desert shrublands and degraded grasslands on alluvial benches, canyon bottoms, and lower southwestern mountain slopes (Scudday 1973, Degenhardt et al. 1996)."
Reptiles,Cemophora lineri,Texas scarlet snake,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G2,S1S2,Yes,"Terrestrial: Prefers well drained soils with a variety of forest, grassland, and scrub habitats."
Reptiles,Chrysemys dorsalis,southern painted turtle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S4,No,"Ponds, marshes, swamps, slowly flowing waters; areas with aquatic vegetation, relatively clear water, basking sites, and a soft bottom (Dundee and Rossman 1989)."
Reptiles,Coniophanes imperialis,black-striped snake,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4G5,S2S3,No,"Terrestrial: Occurs in native thorn scrub and woodlands a well as modfied urban areas. Prefers warm, moist microhabitats, and sandy soils."
Reptiles,Deirochelys reticularia miaria,western chicken turtle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5T5,S2S3,No,"Aquatic and terrestrial: This species uses aquatic habitats in the late winter, spring and early summer and then terrestrial habitats the remainder of the year. Preferred aquatic habitats seem to be highly vegetated shallow wetlands with gentle slopes. Specific terrestrial habitats are not well known."
Reptiles,Drymobius margaritiferus,speckled racer,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G5,S1,No,"Terrestrial: Dense thickets near water, palm groves, riparian woodlands; often in areas with much vegetation litter on ground."
Reptiles,Ficimia streckeri,Mexican hooknose snake,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Habitats include thorn brush woodland (e.g., cactus, mesquite, acacia, paloverde; especially near water or along the edges of agricultural fields) and lower Rio Grande floodplain in lowland southern Texas. Thi ssanke burrows into soft soil."
Reptiles,Gopherus berlandieri,Texas tortoise,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4,S2,No,"Terrestrial: Open scrub woods, arid brush, lomas, grass-cactus association; often in areas with sandy well-drained soils. When inactive occupies shallow depressions dug at base of bush or cactus; sometimes in underground burrow or under object. Eggs are laid in nests dug in soil near or under bushes."
Reptiles,Graptemys caglei,Cagle's map turtle,Not Listed,,T,2000-11-16,G3,S3,Yes,"Aquatic: shallow water with swift to moderate flow and gravel or cobble bottom, connected by deeper pools with a slower flow rate and a silt or mud bottom; gravel bar riffles and transition areas between riffles and pools especially important in providing insect prey items; nests on gently sloping sand banks within ca. 30 feet of waters edge."
Reptiles,Graptemys versa,Texas map turtle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,SU,Yes,Aquatic: Primarily a river turtle but can also be found in reservoirs. Can be found in deep and shallow water with sufficient basking sites (emergent rocks and woody debris).
Reptiles,Holbrookia lacerata,plateau spot-tailed earless lizard,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,Yes,"Terrestrial: Habitats include moderately open prairie-brushland regions, particularly fairly flat areas free of vegetation or other obstructions (e.g., open meadows, old and new fields, graded roadways, cleared and disturbed areas, prairie savanna, and active agriculture including row crops); also, oak-juniper woodlands and mesquite-prickly pear associations (Axtell 1968, Bartlett and Bartlett 1999)."
Reptiles,Holbrookia propinqua,keeled earless lizard,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,"Terrestrial: Habitats include coastal dunes, barrier islands, and other sandy areas (Axtell 1983). Although it occurs well inland, this species is most abundant on coastal dunes, were it seeks shelter in the burrows of small mammals or crabs (Bartlett and Bartlett 1999)."
Reptiles,Holbrookia subcaudalis,Tamaulipan spot-tailed earless lizard,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S2,No,"Terrestrial: Habitats include moderately open prairie-brushland regions, particularly fairly flat areas free of vegetation or other obstructions (e.g., open meadows, old and new fields, graded roadways, cleared and disturbed areas, prairie savanna, and active agriculture including row crops); also, oak-juniper woodlands and mesquite-prickly pear associations (Axtell 1968, Bartlett and Bartlett 1999)."
Reptiles,Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi,Chihuahuan mud turtle,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G5T5,S1,No,"Aquatic: Cattle tanks, stock ponds, and pools on intermittent creeks."
Reptiles,Leptodeira septentrionalis,northern cat-eyed snake,Not Listed,,T,1997-01-30,G5,S3,No,Terrestrial: Thorn scrub and decidious woodland; dense thickets bordering ponds and streams.
Reptiles,Macrochelys temminckii,alligator snapping turtle,PT,2021-11-09,T,1987-03-01,G3,S2,No,"Aquatic: Perennial water bodies; rivers, canals, lakes, and oxbows; also swamps, bayous, and ponds near running water; sometimes enters brackish coastal waters. Females emerge to lay eggs close to the waters edge."
Reptiles,Malaclemys terrapin littoralis,Texas diamondback terrapin,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4T3,S2,Yes,"Coastal marshes, tidal flats, coves, estuaries, and lagoons behind barrier beaches; brackish and salt water; burrows into mud when inactive. Bay islands are important habitats. Nests on oyster shell beaches."
Reptiles,Nerodia clarkii,salt marsh snake,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,This species is generally restricted to the brackish marshes and islands of the mid and upper coastline. It can be found further inland in shallow freshwater marshes.
Reptiles,Nerodia harteri,Brazos water snake,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G1,S1,Yes,"Aquatic: Shallow, fast-flowing water with a rocky or gravelly substrate preferred. Adults can be found in deep water with mud bottoms, such as large section fo rivers and reservoirs. Riffle habitat is particularly important for this species."
Reptiles,Nerodia paucimaculata,Concho water snake,DL,2011-11-28,Not Listed,,G1,S1,Yes,"Aquatic: Shallow, fast-flowing water with a rocky or gravelly substrate preferred. Adults can be found in deep water with mud bottoms, such as large section fo rivers and reservoirs. Riffle habitat is particularly important for this species."
Reptiles,Ophisaurus attenuatus,slender glass lizard,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial: Habitats include open grassland, prairie, woodland edge, open woodland, oak savannas, longleaf pine flatwoods, scrubby areas, fallow fields, and areas near streams and ponds, often in habitats with sandy soil."
Reptiles,Phrynosoma cornutum,Texas horned lizard,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G4G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial: Open habitats with sparse vegetation, including grass, prairie, cactus, scattered brush or scrubby trees; soil may vary in texture from sandy to rocky; burrows into soil, enters rodent burrows, or hides under rock when inactive. Occurs to 6000 feet, but largely limited below the pinyon-juniper zone on mountains in the Big Bend area."
Reptiles,Phrynosoma hernandesi,mountain short-horned lizard,Not Listed,,T,1977-07-18,G5,S2,No,Terrestrial: Generally restricted to high elevation grasslands and forested areas with open ground; soil may vary from rocky to sandy; burrows into soil or occupies rodent burrow when inactive.
Reptiles,Pituophis ruthveni,Louisiana pine snake,T,2018-05-07,T,1997-01-30,G1G2,S1,No,Terrestrial: Deep sandy soils with large stands of well-managed long leaf pine woodlands.
Reptiles,Plestiodon septentrionalis,prairie skink,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"The prairie skink can occur in any native grassland habitat across the Rolling Plains, Blackland Prairie, Post Oak Savanna and Pineywoods ecoregions."
Reptiles,Pseudemys gorzugi,Rio Grande river cooter,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S2,No,"Aquatic: Habitat includes rivers and their more permanent spring-fed tributary streams, beaver ponds, and stock tanks (Garrett and Barker 1987). Occupied waters may have a muddy, sandy, or rocky bottom, and may or may not contain aquatic vegetation (Degenhardt et al. 1996)."
Reptiles,Sceloporus arenicolus,dunes sagebrush lizard,E,2024-06-20,E,2024-06-20,G1,S1,No,Terrestrial: Active and semi-stabilized sand dunes; dwarf shin-oak sandhills with sagebrush and yucca with open blowouts; burrows in sand or plant litter to escape predators.
Reptiles,Sistrurus miliarius,pygmy rattlesnake,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2S3,No,The pygmy rattlesnake occurs in a variety of wooded habitats from bottomland coastal hardwood forests to upland savannas. The species is frequently found in association with standing water.
Reptiles,Sistrurus tergeminus,western massasauga,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,"Terrestrial: Shortgrass or mixed grass prairie, with gravel or sandy soils. Often found associated with draws, floodplains, and more mesic habitats within the arid landscape. Frequently occurs in shrub encroached grasslands."
Reptiles,Tantilla atriceps,Mexican blackhead snake,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S1,No,Terrestrial: Shrubland savanna.
Reptiles,Tantilla cucullata,Trans-Pecos black-headed snake,Not Listed,,T,1987-03-01,G3,S3,Yes,"Terrestrial: Found rocky canyons or hillsides in mesquite-creosote and pinyon-juniper-oak forests, as well as grasslands."
Reptiles,Terrapene carolina,eastern box turtle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial: Eastern box turtles inhabit forests, fields, forest-brush, and forest-field ecotones. In some areas they move seasonally from fields in spring to forest in summer. They commonly enters pools of shallow water in summer. For shelter, they burrow into loose soil, debris, mud, old stump holes, or under leaf litter. They can successfully hibernate in sites that may experience subfreezing temperatures."
Reptiles,Terrapene ornata,western box turtle,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4G5,S3,No,"Terrestrial: Ornate or western box trutles inhabit prairie grassland, pasture, fields, sandhills, and open woodland. They are essentially terrestrial but sometimes enter slow, shallow streams and creek pools. For shelter, they burrow into soil (e.g., under plants such as yucca) (Converse et al. 2002) or enter burrows made by other species."
Reptiles,Thamnophis sirtalis,common garter snake,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S2,No,"Terrestrial and aquatic: Habitats used include the grasslands and modified open areas in the vicinity of aquatic features, such as ponds, streams or marshes. Damp soils and debris for cover are thought to be critical."
Reptiles,Trachemys gaigeae,Big Bend slider,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S2,No,"Aquatic: Rivers with permanent water; ponds, impoundments, and stock tanks along the Rio Grande; basks on shore, emergent rocks, logs, vegetation mats, or at water surface."
Reptiles Marine,Caretta caretta,loggerhead sea turtle,T,1978-07-28,T,1997-01-30,G2G4,S4,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters worldwide, including the Gulf of Mexico. They migrate from feeding grounds to nesting beaches/barrier islands and some nesting does occur in Texas (April to September). Beaches that are narrow, steeply sloped, with coarse-grain sand are preffered for nesting. Newly hatched individuals depend on floating alage/seaweed for protection and foraging, which eventually transport them offshore and into open ocean. Juveniles and young adults spend their lives in open ocean, offshore before migrating to coastal areas to breed and nest. Foraging areas for adults include shallow continental shelf waters."
Reptiles Marine,Chelonia mydas,green sea turtle,T,1978-07-28,T,1977-07-18,G3,"S3B,S3N",No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters worldwide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Adults and juveniles occupy inshore and nearshore areas, including bays and lagoons with reefs and seagrass. They migrate from feeding grounds (open ocean) to nesting grounds (beaches/barrier islands) and some nesting does occur in Texas (April to September). Adults are herbivorous feeding on sea grass and seaweed; juveniles are omnivorous feeding initially on marine invertebrates, then increasingly on sea grasses and seaweeds."
Reptiles Marine,Dermochelys coriacea,leatherback sea turtle,E,1970-06-02,E,1975-05-15,G2,S1S2,No,"Inhabit tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters worldwide, including the Gulf of Mexico. Nesting is not common in Texas (March to July). Most pelagic of the seaturtles with the longest migration (>10,000 miles) between nesting and foraging sites. Are able to dive to depths of 4,000 feet. They are omnivorous, showing a preference for jellyfish."
Reptiles Marine,Eretmochelys imbricata,Atlantic hawksbill sea turtle,E,1970-06-02,E,1975-05-15,G3,S2,No,"Inhabit tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, in the Gulf of Mexico, especially Texas. Hatchling and juveniles are found in open, pelagic ocean and closely associated with floating lgae/seagrass mats. Juveniles then migrate to shallower, coastal areas, mainly coral reefs and rocky areas, but also in bays and estuaries near mangroves when reefs are absent; seldom in water lmore than 65 feet deep. They feed on sponges, jellyfish, sea urchins, molluscs, and crustaceans. Nesting occurs from April to November high up on the beach where there is vegetation for cover and little or no sand. Some migrate, but others stay close to foraging areas - females are philopatric."
Reptiles Marine,Lepidochelys kempii,Kemp's Ridley sea turtle,E,1970-12-02,E,1974-05-19,G1,S3,No,"Inhabits tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Adults are found in coastal waters with muddy or sandy bottoms. Some males migrate between feeding grounds and breeeding grounds, but some don't. Females migrate between feeding and nesting areas, often returning to the same destinations. Nesting in Texas occurs on a smaller scale compared to other areas (i.e. Mexico). Hatchlings are quickly swept out to open water and are rarely found nearshore. Similarly, juveniles often congregate near floating algae/seagrass mats offshore, and move into nearshore, coastal, neritic areas after 1-2 years and remain until they reach maturity. They feed primarily on crabs, but also snails, clams, other crustaceans and plants, juveniles feed on sargassum and its associated fauna; nests April through August."
Sharks,Carcharhinus acronotus,blacknose shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus brevipinna,spinner shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus falciformis,silky shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus isodon,finetooth shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3S4,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus leucas,bull shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G5,S3S4,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus longimanus,oceanic whitetip shark,T,2018-01-30,T,2020-03-30,GNR,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus obscurus,dusky shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus plumbeus,sandbar shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3S4,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Carcharhinus porosus,smalltail shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Isurus oxyrinchus,shortfin mako shark,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,GNR,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Negaprion brevirostris,lemon shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G3G4,S1S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Rhizoprionodon porosus,Caribbean sharpnose shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,GNR,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Sphyrna lewini,scalloped hammerhead shark,Not Listed,,Not Listed,,G4,S3,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.
Sharks,Sphyrna mokarran,great hammerhead,Not Listed,,T,2020-03-30,G3G4,S2,No,Habitat description is not available at this time.