red-crowned parrot |
Amazona viridigenalis |
Birds |
Not Listed |
T |
G2 |
S2 |
False |
Starting in the late 1980s to early 1990s, this species has increased in numbers in urban settings in Cameron and Hidalgo counties. This cavity-nesting species prefers dead palm trees, including non-native Washingtonian palms, with abandoned cavities excavated by Golden-fronted Woodpeckers. Grooming of palms (i.e., trimming the dead, drooping fronds) does not appear to directly impact this species; however removal of dead palms with or without cavities should be avoided. |
Baird's Sparrow |
Ammodramus bairdii |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4 |
SUN |
False |
Shortgrass prairie with scattered low bushes and matted vegetation; mostly migratory in western half of State, though winters in Mexico and just across Rio Grande into Texas from Brewster through Hudspeth counties |
Henslow's Sparrow |
Ammodramus henslowii |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4 |
S2S3N,SXB |
False |
Wintering individuals (not flocks) found in weedy fields or cut-over areas where lots of bunch grasses occur along with vines and brambles; a key component is bare ground for running/walking |
Le Conte's Sparrow |
Ammodramus leconteii |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S3 |
False |
Wintering: preference for tall-grass and mixed-grass over 0.6 m tall |
Seaside Sparrow |
Ammodramus maritimus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4 |
S4B |
False |
Year-round: Tidal coastal marsh, with large areas of sea ox-eye daisy and medium height smooth cordgrass for nesting, interspersed with numerous ponds, tidal creeks, and bare ground; marsh-elevation islands may be important with some shallow waterbodies and scattered woody shrubs; mosaic of burned and unburned (2+ year cycle) Spartina-dominated marshes |
Grasshopper Sparrow |
Ammodramus savannarum |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S3B |
False |
Year-round: Large mixed-grass and tall-grass prairie/grassland patches preferred; avoid smaller patches with low area to edge ratios; important to provide variety in seral stages with emphasis on intermediate |
Northern Pintail |
Anas acuta |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S3B,S5N |
False |
Secondary bays, marshes, estuaries, flooded fields. Small ponds, reservoirs, slow-flowing rivers. Generally likes heavily vegetated shorelines but without trees. |
Mottled Duck |
Anas fulvigula |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4 |
S4B |
False |
Estuaries, ponds, lakes, secondary bays. |
Sprague's pipit |
Anthus spragueii |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G3G4 |
S3N |
False |
The county distribution for this species includes geographic areas that the species may use during migration. Time of year should be factored into evaluations to determine potential presence of this species in a specific county. Habitat during migration and in winter consists of pastures and weedy fields (AOU 1983), including grasslands with dense herbaceous vegetation or grassy agricultural fields. |
golden eagle |
Aquila chrysaetos |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S3B |
False |
Year-round: Native grasslands, sagebrush, shrubland, savannah or sparse woodland, and barren areas, especially in hilly or mountainous regions; typically avoid forests, large agricultural areas, and urban areas; nests are most often on rock ledges of cliffs but sometimes in large trees |
Green Parakeet |
Aratinga holochlora |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G3 |
S3 |
False |
Year-round: Riparian and forested wetlands along the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo and associated wooded floodways in the LRGV; may also be found in woodland, orchard, and forested areas in this region |
Short-eared Owl |
Asio flammeus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S4N |
False |
Winter: Relatively dense grasslands associated with water (e.g. wetlands, wet prairie, marshes) |
western burrowing owl |
Athene cunicularia hypugaea |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4T4 |
S2 |
False |
Open grasslands, especially prairie, plains, and savanna, sometimes in open areas such as vacant lots near human habitation or airports; nests and roosts in abandoned burrows |
white-tailed hawk |
Buteo albicaudatus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
T |
G4G5 |
S4B |
False |
Near coast on prairies, cordgrass flats, and scrub-live oak; further inland on prairies, mesquite and oak savannas, and mixed savanna-chaparral; breeding March-May |
zone-tailed hawk |
Buteo albonotatus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
T |
G4 |
S3B |
False |
Arid open country, including open deciduous or pine-oak woodland, mesa or mountain county, often near watercourses, and wooded canyons and tree-lined rivers along middle-slopes of desert mountains; nests in various habitats and sites, ranging from small trees in lower desert, giant cottonwoods in riparian areas, to mature conifers in high mountain regions |
Red-shouldered Hawk |
Buteo lineatus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S4B |
False |
Year-round: Nest in contiguous, mature, closed canopy, wet hardwood forests |
gray hawk |
Buteo plagiatus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
T |
G5 |
S2B |
False |
Locally and irregularly along U.S.-Mexico border; mature riparian woodlands and nearby semiarid mesquite and scrub grasslands; breeding range formerly extended north to southernmost Rio Grande floodplain of Texas |
Ferruginous Hawk |
Buteo regalis |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4 |
S2B,S4N |
False |
Open country, primarily prairies, plains, and badlands; nests in tall trees along streams or on steep slopes, cliff ledges, river-cut banks, hillsides, power line towers; year-round resident in northwestern high plains, wintering elsewhere throughout western 2/3 of Texas |
Swainson's Hawk |
Buteo swainsoni |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S4B |
False |
Breeding: Nesting in gallery forest, riparian, creek bottoms, woodland edges, Forages over open grasslands, arid shrubland-grassland, and agricultural areas |
common black-hawk |
Buteogallus anthracinus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
T |
G4G5 |
S2B |
False |
Cottonwood-lined rivers and streams; willow tree groves on the lower Rio Grande floodplain; formerly bred in south Texas |
Green Heron |
Butorides virescens |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S5B |
False |
Breeding: Secluded nest sites with adjacent wetland feeding habitat, e. g., edges of rivers and streams, swamps, marshes, oxbow lakes, ponds, human-made or human-regulated water impoundments (reservoirs, ditches, canals, and ponds); often nest on islands or tree islands in marshes; may nest in dry woods or orchards in farmlands if feeding sites are available within 1/2 mile; sometimes nest socially in loose aggregations or in colonies, but somewhat apart from other species; nests are usually placed over water in shrubs and trees |
lark bunting |
Calamospiza melanocorys |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S4B |
False |
Overall, it's a generalist in most short grassland settings including ones with some brushy component plus certain agricultural lands that include grain sorghum. Short grasses include sideoats and blue gramas, sand dropseed, prairie junegrass (Koeleria), buffalograss also with patches of bluestem and other mid-grass species. This bunting will frequent smaller patches of grasses or disturbed patches of grasses including rural yards. It also uses weedy fields surrounding playas. This species avoids urban areas and cotton fields. |
thick-billed longspur |
Calcarius mccownii |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4 |
S4 |
False |
Winter: TBPR (northern), ECPL (northern) shortgrass prairie to grazed mixed-grass prairie with some barren ground |
chestnut-collared longspur |
Calcarius ornatus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G5 |
S3 |
False |
Occurs in open shortgrass settings especially in patches with some bare ground. Also occurs in grain sorghum fields and Conservation Reserve Program lands |
Smith's Longspur |
Calcarius pictus |
Birds |
Not Listed |
Not Listed |
G4G5 |
S3 |
False |
Winter: Large patches of dense three-awn grass (Aristida) favored in areas of native tallgrass prairie grazed by cattle |