Marine Fishes and Shellfishes of the Gulf

The habitats of the Gulf of Mexico are very diverse. Texas has seagrasses, oyster reefs, salt marshes, barrier islands, coastal wetlands, muddy estuarine bottoms, reefs - natural and artificial- and open water. These areas provide plants and animals with their basic needs and support hundreds of species that call the Gulf of Mexico home.

The following sections will provide information about some of the plants and animals that you might see along the Texas coastline. We certainly can't focus on all of them, but will highlight some of the most well-known or unusual. Also a few general books will be noted that can give more in depth or broader knowledge about marine habitats and their occupants.

Download Coastal Species Brochures from our saltwater fishing publications page.

Watch the video "Saltwater Fishing" to learn more.

Texas Marine Species Identification

Shorelines - Wetland - Brackish Water

Lightning Whelk
Blue Crab
Stone Crab
Fiddler Crab
American Alligator

Estuaries and Shallow Waters

Green Sea Turtle
Hawksbill Sea Turtle
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle
Southern Flounder
Eastern Brown Pelican
Pinfish
Pigfish
Gafftopsail Catfish
Hardhead Catfish
Atlantic Cutlassfish
Atlantic Croaker

Open Water

Striped Mullet
American Eel
Black Drum
Red Drum
Spotted Seatrout
Tarpon
Greater Amberjack
Florida Pompano
Common Snook
Crevalle Jack
Tripletail
Cobia

Special Structures - Reefs

Eastern Oyster
Red Snapper
Vermilion Snapper
Sheepshead
Lane Snapper